Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34414555›Full record

SynthesisMycopathologia2021

Epidemiology and Pathophysiology of COVID-19-Associated Mucormycosis: India Versus the Rest of the World.

Valliappan Muthu, Shivaprakash M Rudramurthy, Arunaloke Chakrabarti, Ritesh Agarwal

Open access · bronzeAbstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Mycopathologia, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 119 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
119citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
13.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

119 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 224 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Brazilian task force for the management of mucormycosis.The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases : an official publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases
    Guideline
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. A Comparative Analysis of COVID-19-Associated and Non-COVID-19-Associated MucormycosisEndocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets · 2026
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Correlation of Interleukin-6 Levels With Disease Severity in Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral Mucormycosis: A Prospective Study.Journal of rhinology : official journal of the Korean Rhinologic Society · 2025
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Association of Markers of iron Metabolism with Mucormycosis: A Case Control Study.Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India · 2025
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article

59 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Valliappan MuthuDepartment of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Sector-12, Chandigarh, 160012, India.
Shivaprakash M RudramurthyDepartment of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Sector-12, Chandigarh, 160012, India.
Arunaloke ChakrabartiDepartment of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Sector-12, Chandigarh, 160012, India.
Ritesh AgarwalDepartment of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Sector-12, Chandigarh, 160012, India. agarwal.ritesh@outlook.in.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2547-7668
Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research · IN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to a concerning resurgence of mucormycosis. More than 47,000 cases of mucormycosis were reported in three months from India. We update our systematic review on COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM) till June 21st, 2021, comparing cases reported from India and elsewhere. We included individual patient details of 275 cases of CAM, of which 233 were reported from India and 42 from the rest of the world. Diabetes mellitus was the most common underlying risk factor for CAM in India than in other countries. The fatality rate of cases reported from India (36.5%) was less than the globally reported cases (61.9%), probably due to the predominance of rhino-orbital mucormycosis. On a multivariate analysis, we found that pulmonary or disseminated mucormycosis cases and admission to the intensive care unit were associated with increased mortality, while combination medical therapy improved survival. The paucity of pulmonary and disseminated mucormycosis cases from India suggests that these cases were either not diagnosed or reported, further supported by a trend of search data from the Google search engine. In this review, we discuss the factors explaining the substantial rise in cases of CAM. We also propose a hypothetical model describing the epidemiologic triad of CAM.

Indexed as

COVID-19Diabetes MellitusMucormycosisHumansIndiaRisk FactorsSARS-CoV-2HealthcareHospitalMucoralesOutbreakRhizopusSARS-CoV-2

Identifiers

PMID34414555
PMCPMC8375614
OpenAlexW3194803702

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.