Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34413689›Full record

ArticleNature and science of sleep2021

Relationships Between a Range of Inflammatory Biomarkers and Subjective Sleep Quality in Chronic Insomnia Patients: A Clinical Study.

Lan Xia, Ping Zhang, Jing-Wen Niu, Wei Ge, Jun-Tao Chen, Shuai Yang, Ai-Xi Su, Yi-Zhou Feng, Fang Wang, Gong Chen and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature and science of sleep, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  5. Review
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  9. Prestroke sleep and stroke: a narrative review.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2025
    Review
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  20. Bidirectional mechanism of comorbidity of depression and insomnia based on synaptic plasticity.Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2023
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Lan Xia *Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China.
Ping Zhang *Department of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei (Chaohu), People's Republic of China.ORCID 0000-0003-3884-2337
Jing-Wen NiuDepartment of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei (Chaohu), People's Republic of China.
Wei GeDepartment of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei (Chaohu), People's Republic of China.
Jun-Tao ChenDepartment of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei (Chaohu), People's Republic of China.ORCID 0000-0001-7482-4094
Shuai YangDepartment of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei (Chaohu), People's Republic of China.ORCID 0000-0002-9866-8820
Ai-Xi SuDepartment of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei (Chaohu), People's Republic of China.
Yi-Zhou FengDepartment of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei (Chaohu), People's Republic of China.ORCID 0000-0001-7049-1149
Fang WangDepartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China.
Gong Chen *Hefei Technology College, Hefei (Chaohu), People's Republic of China.ORCID 0000-0001-5102-8909
Gui-Hai Chen *Department of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei (Chaohu), People's Republic of China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo examine whether associations exist between chronic insomnia disorder (CID) and overlooked inflammatory factors (Serum amyloid protein A [SAA]), tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor [GM-CSF], and regulated on activation and normal T cell expressed and presumably secreted [RANTES]). PATIENTS AND

methodsA total of 65 CID patients and 39 sex- and age-matched good sleeper (GS) controls participated in this study. They completed a baseline survey to collect data on demographics, and were elevated sleep and mood by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17) and 14-item Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA-14), respectively. The blood samples were collected and tested the serum levels of SAA, TNF-α, GM-CSF and RANTES.

resultsThe CID group had higher serum levels of SAA, TNF-α, and GM-CSF and a lower level of RANTES than the GS group. In the Spearman correlation analysis, SAA and GM-CSF positively correlated with the PSQI and AIS scores. After controlling for sex, HAMD-17 score, and HAMA-14 score, the partial correlation analysis showed that GM-CSF was positively correlated with PSQI score. Further stepwise linear regression analyses showed that GM-CSF was positively associated with the PSQI and AIS scores, while RANTES was negatively associated with them, and SAA was positively associated with just the AIS score.

conclusionThe serum levels of inflammatory mediators (SAA, TNF-α, and GM-CSF) were significantly elevated and the level of RANTES was significantly decreased in CID patients and, to some extent, the changes are related to the severity of insomnia. These findings may help us to improve interventions to prevent the biological consequences of CID by inhibiting inflammation, thereby promoting health.

Indexed as

chronic insomnia disordergranulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factorregulated on activation and normal T cell expressed and presumably secretedserum amyloid protein A; tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α

Identifiers

PMID34413689
PMCPMC8369225

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.