Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34413525›Full record

ArticleNature chemical biology2021

Bifunctional small molecules that mediate the degradation of extracellular proteins.

David F Caianiello, Mengwen Zhang, Jason D Ray, Rebecca A Howell, Jake C Swartzel, Emily M J Branham, Egor Chirkin, Venkata R Sabbasani, Angela Z Gong, David M McDonald and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature chemical biology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 97 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
97citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
10.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

97 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 218 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Coacervate-Mediated Lysosome-Targeting Antibody Delivery for Protein Degradation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Enzyme-Assisted Synthesis and In Vitro Characterization of Bifunctional PCSK9 Inhibitors.Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology · 2026
    Article
  13. Review
  14. Dynamic reprogramming of the tumor immune network via multicycle checkpoint degradation for cancer immunotherapy.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  15. Induced proximity-based therapeutic modalities.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2026
    Review
  16. Development of Prostate-Specific Lysosome-Targeting Degraders.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2026
    Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

37 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

David F CaianielloDepartment of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
Mengwen ZhangDepartment of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
Jason D RayDepartment of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
Rebecca A HowellDepartment of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9136-0738
Jake C SwartzelDepartment of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
Emily M J BranhamDepartment of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6595-4938
Egor ChirkinDepartment of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
Venkata R SabbasaniDepartment of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
Angela Z GongDepartment of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
David M McDonaldDepartment of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
Viswanathan MuthusamyYale Center for Precision Cancer Modeling, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
David A SpiegelDepartment of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA. david.spiegel@yale.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1102-8012
Yale University · USYale Cancer Center · US

Funding

Predoc Training at the Interface Chemistry and BiologyT32GM067543 · NIGMS · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI CRAWFORD, JASON MICHAEL · 2003 to 2022
$7.4M
NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM067543
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Targeted protein degradation (TPD) has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy. Most TPD technologies use the ubiquitin-proteasome system, and are therefore limited to targeting intracellular proteins. To address this limitation, we developed a class of modular, bifunctional synthetic molecules called MoDE-As (molecular degraders of extracellular proteins through the asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR)), which mediate the degradation of extracellular proteins. MoDE-A molecules mediate the formation of a ternary complex between a target protein and ASGPR on hepatocytes. The target protein is then endocytosed and degraded by lysosomal proteases. We demonstrated the modularity of the MoDE-A technology by synthesizing molecules that induce depletion of both antibody and proinflammatory cytokine proteins. These data show experimental evidence that nonproteinogenic, synthetic molecules can enable TPD of extracellular proteins in vitro and in vivo. We believe that TPD mediated by the MoDE-A technology will have widespread applications for disease treatment.

Indexed as

AnimalsAsialoglycoprotein ReceptorDinitrophenolsHep G2 CellsHumansMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMolecular StructureSmall Molecule LibrariesAsialoglycoprotein ReceptorDinitrophenolsSmall Molecule Libraries

Identifiers

PMID34413525
OpenAlexW3195114088

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.