Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34413523›Full record

ArticleNature methods2021

Automated segmentation and tracking of mitochondria in live-cell time-lapse images.

Austin E Y T Lefebvre, Dennis Ma, Kai Kessenbrock, Devon A Lawson, Michelle A Digman

Erratum issuedAbstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature methods, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 65 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
65citing papers in PubMed
6.9field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

65 citing papers in PubMed, 121 citations in OpenAlex.

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  10. Deep learning analysis of urine-derived stem cell mitochondrial morphology as a non-invasive Alzheimer's disease biomarker.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026
    Article
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  12. Rac1 promotes proximal tubule kidney repair by coupling the actin cytoskeleton to mitochondrial function.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
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  16. Dysregulation of Mitochondrial Function in Cancer Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
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  20. Article

5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Austin E Y T LefebvreDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
Dennis MaDepartment of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
Kai KessenbrockDepartment of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
Devon A LawsonDepartment of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1692-0517
Michelle A DigmanDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA. mdigman@uci.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4611-7100
University of California, Irvine · USGeneral Dynamics (United States) · US

Funding

TRD4: Phasor analysisP41GM103540 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI GRATTON, ENRICO · 2012 to 2020
$12.5M
Microenvironmental regulation of breast tumorigenesisR01CA234496 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI Kai Kessenbrock · 2019 to 2026
$4.3M
Single-cell analysis of intratumor heterogeneity in metastasisK22CA190511 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI LAWSON, DEVON A. · 2016 to 2018
$486k
CIHRNCI NIH HHS K22 CA190511NCI NIH HHS R01 CA234496NIGMS NIH HHS P41 GM103540
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mitochondria display complex morphology and movements, which complicates their segmentation and tracking in time-lapse images. Here, we introduce Mitometer, an algorithm for fast, unbiased, and automated segmentation and tracking of mitochondria in live-cell two-dimensional and three-dimensional time-lapse images. Mitometer requires only the pixel size and the time between frames to identify mitochondrial motion and morphology, including fusion and fission events. The segmentation algorithm isolates individual mitochondria via a shape- and size-preserving background removal process. The tracking algorithm links mitochondria via differences in morphological features and displacement, followed by a gap-closing scheme. Using Mitometer, we show that mitochondria of triple-negative breast cancer cells are faster, more directional, and more elongated than those in their receptor-positive counterparts. Furthermore, we show that mitochondrial motility and morphology in breast cancer, but not in normal breast epithelia, correlate with metabolic activity. Mitometer is an unbiased and user-friendly tool that will help resolve fundamental questions regarding mitochondrial form and function.

Indexed as

MitochondriaSoftwareAlgorithmsBreast NeoplasmsCells, CulturedFemaleHumansImaging, Three-DimensionalMammary Glands, HumanNADReproducibility of ResultsTime-Lapse ImagingTriple Negative Breast NeoplasmsNAD

Identifiers

PMID34413523
OpenAlexW3195254642

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.