Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34413403›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2021

Odours count: human olfactory ecology appears to be helpful in the improvement of the sense of smell.

Anna Oleszkiewicz, Lena Heyne, Beata Sienkiewicz-Oleszkiewicz, Mandy Cuevas, Antje Haehner, Thomas Hummel

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Classical and Speech Therapy Olfactory Training in the Treatment of COVID-19-Related Olfactory Disorders.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026
    Article
  3. Odor Thresholds in Flavor Science: A Data-Driven Review From Mechanisms to Applications.Comprehensive reviews in food science and food safety · 2026
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Anna OleszkiewiczSmell and Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany. ania.oleszkiewicz@gmail.com.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2217-1858
Lena HeyneSmell and Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Beata Sienkiewicz-OleszkiewiczDepartment of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.
Mandy CuevasSmell and Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Antje HaehnerSmell and Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Thomas HummelSmell and Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Odours modify human behaviour. Research in this field develops rapidly, providing more and more exciting discoveries. In this context, our daily odorous environment has been surprisingly poorly explored. The aim of our study was to quantify olfactory perception and preliminarily identify factors affecting the frequency of odorous experiences. We were also interested in knowing whether human olfactory ecology relates with olfactory performance. In this study, patients with olfactory deficits (n = 62) and healthy controls (n = 97) had their olfactory threshold and odour identification abilities measured before and after a two-week intervention comprising counting of conscious perception of odours naturally occurring in the environment. In both groups, we observed enhanced olfactory performance after the intervention suggesting that (1) the conscious focus on odours may change its perception, and that (2) social and physical environment can effectively stimulate the human olfactory system, presumably supporting the improvement of olfactory sensitivity.

Indexed as

Case-Control StudiesFemaleHumansLinear ModelsMaleMiddle AgedOdorantsOlfactory PerceptionSensory ThresholdsSmell

Identifiers

PMID34413403
PMCPMC8376892

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.