ArticleScientific reports2021
Morphological variability of the plantaris tendon in the human fetus.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Plantaris tendon morphology in Papio anubis: a comparative anatomical study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The Popliteofibular Ligament: A Narrative Review of Anatomical Variants and Their Surgical Relevance in Posterolateral Knee Reconstruction.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Does the Anatomical Type of the Plantaris Tendon Influence the Management of Midportion Achilles Tendinopathy?Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- The Plantaris Muscle Is Not Vestigial: Developmental, Comparative, and Functional Evidence for Its Sensorimotor Role.Biology · 2025Review
- Development and growth of the calcaneal tendon sheath with special reference to its topographical relationship with the tendon of the plantaris muscle: a histological study of human fetuses.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2023Article
- Assessment of prevalence and morphology of plantaris tendon in Indian population by ultrasound.Journal of orthopaedics · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Muscular anatomy often differs between species and individuals. In particular, the plantaris muscle (PM) demonstrates great morphological variability in its course and its proximal and distal attachments. The aim of this study was to investigate the morphological variation of the PM tendon in human fetuses. Forty-six spontaneously aborted human fetuses (23 male, 23 female) aged 18-38 weeks of gestation were studied. Morphology of the attachment of the PM was assessed in both lower extremities (n = 92). The PM was present in 72 lower limbs (78.26%) and absent in 20 (21.74%). Eight types of PM distal attachment were identified. We propose an eight-fold classification of PM insertion in fetuses. Leg length, length of tendon, extension point (ExP) from the calcaneus, and ExP thickness differed significantly among types of PM insertion.
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