ArticleClinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research2021
Impact of Prior Treatment on the Efficacy of Adoptive Transfer of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Patients with Metastatic Melanoma.
Article in Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01319565 (A Prospective Randomized Study of Cell Transfer Therapy for Metastatic Melanoma Using Short-Term Cultured Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes Plus IL-2 Following Either a Non-Myeloablative Lymphocyte Depleting Chemotherapy Regimen Alone or in Conjunction With 12Gy Total Body Irradiation), which is not on this map. Cited by 82 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Prospective Randomized Study of Cell Transfer Therapy for Metastatic Melanoma Using Short-Term Cultured Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes Plus IL-2 Following Either a Non-Myeloablative Lymphocyte Depleting Chemotherapy Regimen Alone or in Conjunction With 12Gy Total Body Irradiation (TBI)
Who cites it
82 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 103 citations in OpenAlex.
- The cost-effectiveness of tumour-infiltrating lymphocyte cell therapy for advanced melanoma: a systematic review.BMC cancer · 2026Pooled it
- Reduced dose fludarabine and cyclophosphamide lymphodepletion before tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte therapy in melanoma.Future oncology (London, England) · 2025Trial
- Neoantigen-specific tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in gastrointestinal cancers: a phase 2 trial.Nature medicine · 2025Trial
- Lifileucel, an Autologous Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Monotherapy, in Patients with Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Resistant to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.Cancer discovery · 2024Trial
- Cost-effectiveness of treating advanced melanoma with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes based on an international randomized phase 3 clinical trial.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Trial
- Efficacy and safety of lifileucel, a one-time autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) cell therapy, in patients with advanced melanoma after progression on immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapies: pooled analysis of consecutive cohorts of the C-144-01 study.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2022Trial
- Recent Advances in Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Therapy for Melanoma.Current treatment options in oncology · 2026Review
- Salvage Metastasectomy After Adoptive Cell Transfer for Melanoma: Long-Term Updates.Annals of surgical oncology · 2026Article
- Genetic Engineering of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TIL) via a T-Editor Platform to Enhance Anti-Tumor Activity.Cancer science · 2026Article
- Immunologic determinants of infusion products and the tumor microenvironment govern response to TIL therapy in advanced melanoma.Med (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Cell surface ADGRG1 and CD86 expression identifies antitumor CD4Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapy: Historical context, clinical applications, and future directions.Cancer · 2026Review
- Phenotypic Analysis of 26 Cultured TILs Derived From Japanese Melanoma Tissues.The Journal of dermatology · 2026Article
- Hallmarks and correlates of effective adoptive cell immunotherapy for cancer.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Tumour-infiltrating lymphocyte therapy in melanoma: ready for prime time?British journal of cancer · 2026Review
- Liver Metastasectomy to Obtain Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes: Technical Considerations and Report on Single-Center Experience.Annals of surgical oncology · 2026Article
- Ex Vivo Expansion of Melanoma Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes Leads to a Dominant Exhausted T-cell Population with a Lack of Memory Markers.Cancer immunology research · 2026Article
- HosTIL territory: mapping the landscape of toxicity in TIL therapy.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Review
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Malignant Melanoma: Anti-PD-1, Anti-CTLA-4 and Anti-LAG-3 Therapies.Current oncology reports · 2026Review
- From Immunobiology to Clinical Application: Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Melanoma.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Review
22 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeAdoptive cell transfer (ACT) of autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) can mediate durable responses in patients with metastatic melanoma. This retrospective analysis provides long-term follow-up and describes the effect of prior therapy on outcomes after ACT-TIL. PATIENTS AND
methodsPatients with metastatic melanoma underwent surgical resection of a tumor for generation of TILs and were treated with a lymphodepleting preparative regimen followed by adoptive transfer of TILs and intravenous IL2. Clinical characteristics of enrolled patients and treatment characteristics of TIL infusion products over two decades of ACT were analyzed to identify predictors of objective response.
resultsAdoptive transfer of TILs mediated an objective response rate of 56% (108/192) and median melanoma-specific survival of 28.5 months in patients naïve to anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) therapy compared with 24% (8/34) and 11.6 months in patients refractory to anti-PD-1 (aPD-1). Among patients with BRAF V600E/K-mutated disease, prior treatment with targeted molecular therapy was also associated with a decreased response rate (21% vs. 60%) and decreased survival (9.3 vs. 50.7 months) when compared with those patients naïve to targeted therapy. With a median potential follow-up of 89 months, 46 of 48 complete responders in the aPD-1-naïve cohort have ongoing responses after a single treatment and 10-year melanoma-specific survival of 96%.
conclusionsPatients previously treated with PD-1 or MAPK inhibition are significantly less likely to develop durable objective responses to ACT-TIL. While ACT-TIL is currently being investigated for treatment-refractory patients, it should also be considered as an initial treatment option for eligible patients with metastatic melanoma. See related commentary by Sznol, p. 5156.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.