ArticleThe British journal of ophthalmology2023
Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist use is associated with reduced risk for glaucoma.
Article in The British journal of ophthalmology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- GLP-1 receptor agonists in eye disease: a comprehensive review of current research and future potential.BMC ophthalmology · 2026 · on this mapPooled it
- Ocular disorders during treatment with GLP-1 receptor agonists: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Incidence of Glaucoma in Type 2 Diabetes Patients Treated With GLP-1 Receptor Agonists: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2025Pooled it
- Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular Disease: The Past, Present, and Future.American journal of cardiovascular drugs : drugs, devices, and other interventions · 2022Pooled it
- Potential protective associations of antidiabetic and lipid-lowering therapies with retinal vein occlusion risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Eye (London, England) · 2026Review
- Risk of Age-Related Ocular Diseases in Non-Diabetic Adults With Obesity Using Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Beyond intraocular pressure: vascular and metabolic modifiers of optic nerve vulnerability in glaucoma.International ophthalmology · 2026Review
- Article
- Association of Tirzepatide versus Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists with Incident Glaucoma in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Ophthalmology science · 2026Article
- Risk of Ocular Hypertension With Intravitreal Triamcinolone Compared to the Dexamethasone Implant.Journal of vitreoretinal diseases · 2026Article
- The Effects of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists on Retinal Microvascular Alterations.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Ocular Glymphatic System: Its Modulation and Role in Intraocular Tumors.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Review
- Semaglutide Protects Retinal Ganglion Cells Against Rotenone-Induced Degeneration via Improved Glucose Metabolism.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- The Benefits and Risks of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists on Ocular Diseases: A Narrative Review.Cureus · 2026Review
- Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Ocular Disease: Mechanisms, Evidence and Therapeutic Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Impact of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (GLP-1) and Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide (GIP) Receptor Agonists on Intraocular Pressure in Glaucoma: A Case Series.Journal of ophthalmology and advance research · 2026Article
- 12. Retinopathy, Neuropathy, and Foot Care: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2026.Diabetes care · 2026Review
- Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Risk of Uveitis.JAMA ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Risk of Glaucoma in Patients without Diabetes Using a Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonist.Ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Systemic semaglutide provides a mild vasoprotective and antineuroinflammatory effect in a rat model of ocular hypertensive glaucoma.Molecular brain · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
aimsGlucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists regulate blood glucose and are commonly used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. Recent work showed that treatment with the GLP-1R agonist NLY01 decreased retinal neuroinflammation and glial activation to rescue retinal ganglion cells in a mouse model of glaucoma. In this study, we used an insurance claims database (Clinformatics Data Mart) to examine whether GLP-1R agonist exposure impacts glaucoma risk.
methodsA retrospective cohort of patients who initiated a new GLP-1R agonist was 1:3 age, gender, race, classes of active diabetes medications and year of index date matched to patients who initiated a different class of oral diabetic medication. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was used within a multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression model to test the association between GLP-1R agonist exposure and a new diagnosis of primary open-angle glaucoma, glaucoma suspect or low-tension glaucoma.
resultsCohorts were comprised of 1961 new users of GLP-1R agonists matched to 4371 unexposed controls. After IPTW, all variables were balanced (standard mean deviation <|0.1|) between cohorts. Ten (0.51%) new diagnoses of glaucoma were present in the GLP-1R agonist cohort compared with 58 (1.33%) in the unexposed controls. After adjustment, GLP-1R exposure conferred a reduced hazard of 0.56 (95% CI: 0.36 to 0.89, p=0.01), suggesting that GLP-1R agonists decrease the risk for glaucoma.
conclusionsGLP-1R agonist use was associated with a statistically significant hazard reduction for a new diagnosis of glaucoma. Our findings support further investigations into the use of GLP-1R agonists in glaucoma prevention.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.