Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34412638›Full record

ArticleThe international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity2021

A modified Delphi study to enhance and gain international consensus on the Physical Activity Messaging Framework (PAMF) and Checklist (PAMC).

Chloë Williamson, Paul Kelly, Jennifer R Tomasone, Adrian Bauman, Nanette Mutrie, Ailsa Niven, Justin Richards, Graham Baker

Abstract readConsensus Statement
In one paragraph

Article in The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Development of the Physical Activity Research Opportunities (PARO) framework.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Communicating physical activity messages with adolescents: what works? A scoping review with stakeholder consultation.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2025
    Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Likeability and perceived effectiveness of messages designed to encourage physical activity participation among older adults.Health promotion journal of Australia : official journal of Australian Association of Health Promotion Professionals · 2022
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Chloë WilliamsonPhysical Activity for Health Research Centre (PAHRC), Institute for Sport, Physical Education and Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. chloe.williamson@ed.ac.uk.ORCID 0000-0003-2148-7586
Paul KellyPhysical Activity for Health Research Centre (PAHRC), Institute for Sport, Physical Education and Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Jennifer R TomasoneSchool of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queens University, Kingston, Canada.
Adrian BaumanSydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Nanette MutriePhysical Activity for Health Research Centre (PAHRC), Institute for Sport, Physical Education and Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Ailsa NivenPhysical Activity for Health Research Centre (PAHRC), Institute for Sport, Physical Education and Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Justin RichardsFaculty of Health, Victoria University Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand.
Graham BakerPhysical Activity for Health Research Centre (PAHRC), Institute for Sport, Physical Education and Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionPhysical activity messaging is an important step in the pathway towards improving population physical activity levels, but best practice is not yet understood. A gap in the literature exists for a physical activity messaging framework to help guide creation and evaluation of messages. This study aimed to further develop and improve, and gain international expert consensus on, a standardised Physical Activity Messaging Framework and Checklist.

methodsA modified Delphi study consisting of three online survey rounds was conducted. Each survey gathered feedback from an international expert panel using quantitative and qualitative methods. The framework and checklist were amended between each round based on survey results until consensus (defined a priori as 80% agreement) was reached.

resultsThe final expert panel (n = 40, 55% female) came from nine countries and comprised academics (55%), healthcare and other professionals (22.5%) and government officials or policymakers (22.5%). Consensus was reached in survey 3 with 85 and 87.5% agreement on the framework and checklist, respectively.

conclusionThis study presents an expert- and evidence-informed framework and checklist for physical activity messaging. If used consistently, the Physical Activity Messaging Framework and Checklist may improve practice by encouraging evidence-based and target audience-focused messages, as well as enhance the research base on physical activity messaging by harmonising key terminologies and improving quality of reporting. Key next steps include further refining the Physical Activity Messaging Framework and Checklist based on their use in real-world settings.

Indexed as

ChecklistCommunicationDelphi TechniqueExerciseConsensusFemaleHumansMaleSurveys and QuestionnairesCommunicationConsensusExerciseGuidancePrinciples

Identifiers

PMID34412638
PMCPMC8375197

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.