Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34412620›Full record

ArticleBMC infectious diseases2021

Prevalence and associated characteristics of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Mexico 5 months after pandemic arrival.

Cristina Díaz-Salazar, Adriana Sánchez-García, René Rodríguez-Gutiérrez, Adrián Camacho-Ortiz, Donato Saldívar-Rodríguez, José Gerardo González-González

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
0.5field-weighted citation impact, top 35% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. SARS-CoV-2 infection risk by non-healthcare occupations: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of occupational medicine and toxicology (London, England) · 2025
    Review
  3. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.

Cristina Díaz-Salazar *Municipal Health Clinic of Guadalupe, Av. Benito Juárez 928, Colonia Nueva Exposición, 67150, Guadalupe, Nuevo Leon, Mexico.
Adriana Sánchez-García *Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario "Dr. José E. González", Endocrinology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Madero y Av. Gonzalitos S/N, Colonia Mitras Centro, 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico.
René Rodríguez-GutiérrezFacultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario "Dr. José E. González", Endocrinology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Madero y Av. Gonzalitos S/N, Colonia Mitras Centro, 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico.
Adrián Camacho-OrtizFacultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario "Dr. José E. González", Infectious Diseases Department, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Madero y Av. Gonzalitos S/N, Colonia Mitras Centro, 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico.
Donato Saldívar-RodríguezFacultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario "Dr. Jose E. González", Obstetrics Division, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Madero y Av. Gonzalitos s/n, Colonia Mitras Centro, 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico.
José Gerardo González-GonzálezFacultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario "Dr. José E. González", Endocrinology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Madero y Av. Gonzalitos S/N, Colonia Mitras Centro, 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. jgerardo@meduanl.com.
Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León · MX

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSeroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies is now available in several world regions to better estimate transmission dynamics. However, to date, there is no epidemiological data regarding anti-SARS-CoV-2 prevalence in Mexico. Therefore, we aimed to determine the prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and define the clinical and demographic characteristics associated with seroprevalence.

methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional serological survey in Ciudad Guadalupe, NL, Mexico. City government employees voluntarily participated during July 2020. Demographic and clinical characteristics were collected at the time of blood sampling to analyze the associated characteristics. IgM/IgG antibodies were determined using a qualitative chemiluminescent immunoassay. Descriptive statistics were used for categorical and continuous variables. Statistical significance was tested using the Chi-squared test, Student's t-test and the Mann-Whitney. Logistic regression models and the odds ratios (adjusted and unadjusted) were used to estimate the association of demographic and clinical characteristics.

resultsOf the 3,268 participants included, 193 (5.9%, 95% CI 5.1-6.8) tested positive for IgM/IgG against SARS-CoV-2. Sex, city of residence, and comorbidities did not show any association with having IgM/IgG antibodies. A total of 114 out of 193 (59.1%) subjects with a positive test were asymptomatic, and the odds of being positive were higher in those who reported symptoms of COVID-19 in the previous four weeks to the survey (OR 4.1, 95% CI 2.9-5.5).

conclusionsThere is a low rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection among government employees that have continuously been working during the pandemic. Six in ten infections were asymptomatic, and seroprevalence is low and still far from herd immunity. Epidemiological surveillance and preventive measures should be mandatory.

Indexed as

Antibodies, ViralCOVID-19COVID-19 Serological TestingCross-Sectional StudiesHumansImmunoglobulin GImmunoglobulin MMexicoPandemicsPrevalenceSARS-CoV-2Seroepidemiologic StudiesAntibodies, ViralImmunoglobulin GImmunoglobulin MAnti-SARS-CoV-2COVID-19MexicoPrevalenceSerologySurvey

Identifiers

PMID34412620
PMCPMC8374409
OpenAlexW3111056138

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.