Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34412598›Full record

ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2021

Childbirth violence-based negative health consequences: a qualitative study in Iranian women.

Ziba Taghizadeh, Abbas Ebadi, Molouk Jaafarpour

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Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Global prevalence and risk factors of obstetric violence: A systematic review and meta-analysis.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Ziba TaghizadehNursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Abbas EbadiBehavioral Sciences Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR, Iran.
Molouk JaafarpourDepartment of Reproductive Health, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. jaafarpourm@gmail.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundViolation of mothers' rights during childbirth is a global problem that often silently torments women in many parts of the world. The aim of this study was to explore negative health consequences due to childbirth violence based on mothers' perceptions and experiences.

methodsTo achieve rich data, an exploratory qualitative study was carried out in 2019 on 26 women with childbirth violence experience who had given birth in hospitals of Ilam, Iran. Data were collected using semi‑structure in‑depth interviews (IDIs) and a purposive sampling. Participants were asked about their experiences and perceptions of negative health consequences due to childbirth violence. Data were analyzed by conventional content analysis based on Graneheim and Lundman approach. MAXQDA (v.18) software was used for better data management.

resultsFinal codes were classified into 9 sub-categories and 3 main categories including maternal and newborn injuries, weakening of family ties, sense of distrust and hatred. These findings emerged the theme: negative health consequences.

conclusionsThis study broke the silence of abused mothers during childbirth and expressed the perspective of mothers who suffered childbirth violence as a routine phenomenon in maternal care, and a serious threat to the health of mothers, newborns and families. Findings of this study can be a warning for maternity health system, monitoring and support structures as well as health policy-makers to seriously plan to prevent and eliminate this problem.

Indexed as

AdultFamilyFemaleHumansInterviews as TopicIranParturitionPregnancyRisk FactorsSocial SupportViolenceYoung AdultAbuseChildbirthConsequenceIranQualitative researchViolenceWomen

Identifiers

PMID34412598
PMCPMC8377955

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.