ReviewBMC infectious diseases2021
Canine olfactory detection and its relevance to medical detection.
Review in BMC infectious diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Remote Medical Scent Detection of Cancer and Infectious Diseases With Dogs and Rats: A Systematic Review.Integrative cancer therapiesPooled it
- Canine "Sniffin' Sticks" enable behavioural olfactometry to complement neurological examination in dogs.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Strengthening operational performance in canine detection teams with double-blind certification testing.Forensic science international. Synergy · 2026Article
- Olfactory Science and Technology in Prostate Cancer Diagnosis: From Invertebrate Models to Artificial Intelligence.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The Role of Olfaction in Dogs: Evolution, Biology, and Human-Oriented Work.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Review
- Solid-phase microextraction of sweat components of patients positive for Sars-Cov-2 for identification of possible biomarkers.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Beyond Binary: A Machine Learning Framework for Interpreting Organismal Behavior in Cancer Diagnostics.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- BreathERJ open research · 2025Article
- Breath fingerprint of colorectal cancer patients by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis preparatory to e-nose analyses.Practical laboratory medicine · 2025Article
- Innovative Approaches to Early Detection of Cancer-Transforming Screening for Breast, Lung, and Hard-to-Screen Cancers.Cancers · 2025Review
- Steps toward clinical validation of exhaled volatile organic compound biomarkers for hypoglycemia in persons with type 1 diabetes.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Human-dog trust and cohesion within French military canine teams.Military psychology : the official journal of the Division of Military Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2025Article
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- Public perception of medical detection dogs and other COVID-19 testing strategies.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- PTSD assistance dogs: concerns for animal well-being, rights, and justice.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- N-NOSE Proves Effective for Early Cancer Detection: Real-World Data from Third-Party Medical Institutions.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- A diffusion tensor imaging white matter atlas of the domestic canine brain.Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2024Article
- Catch me if you can-emission patterns of human bodies in relation to postmortem changes.International journal of legal medicine · 2024Article
- Detection dogs fighting transnational narcotraffic: performance and challenges under real customs scenario in Brazil.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The extraordinary olfactory sense of canines combined with the possibility to learn by operant conditioning enables dogs for their use in medical detection in a wide range of applications. Research on the ability of medical detection dogs for the identification of individuals with infectious or non-infectious diseases has been promising, but compared to the well-established and-accepted use of sniffer dogs by the police, army and customs for substances such as money, explosives or drugs, the deployment of medical detection dogs is still in its infancy. There are several factors to be considered for standardisation prior to deployment of canine scent detection dogs. Individual odours in disease consist of different volatile organic molecules that differ in magnitude, volatility and concentration. Olfaction can be influenced by various parameters like genetics, environmental conditions, age, hydration, nutrition, microbiome, conditioning, training, management factors, diseases and pharmaceuticals. This review discusses current knowledge on the function and importance of canines' olfaction and evaluates its limitations and the potential role of the dog as a biomedical detector for infectious and non-infectious diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.