Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34412578›Full record

ArticleBMC infectious diseases2021

A case report of Nocardia spp. infective endocarditis in an injection drug user.

Chukwunyelu Enwezor, Courtney L Russ-Friedman, Zachary P Gruss, Adam Murphy, Elizabeth L Palavecino, Niyati Jakharia

Open access · goldAbstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
3.3field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Chukwunyelu EnwezorDepartment of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, 1 Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA. cenwezor@wakehealth.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7963-6068
Courtney L Russ-FriedmanDepartment of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, 1 Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
Zachary P GrussDepartment of Pharmacy, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
Adam MurphyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, 1 Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
Elizabeth L PalavecinoDepartment of Pathology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
Niyati JakhariaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University Hospital, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist · USPalo Alto University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNocardia-related endocarditis is rare. Intravenous drug use with nonsterile injection practices is a potential risk factor for nocardia infection. Disseminated nocardiosis with endovascular involvement is rarely reported in immunocompetent individuals. CASE PRESENTATION: A 54-year-old male was diagnosed with infective endocarditis due to Nocardia asteroides with septic emboli in the brain and spleen. The use of a matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) rapid diagnostic system was beneficial in identifying the causative organism. He was empirically treated with combination therapy consisting of three antibiotics. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing indicated that all three antibiotics had favorable minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs). Due to his clinical status, he was not a surgical candidate. Patient passed away after discharge to hospice.

conclusionsThis case demonstrates unique challenges in the identification, diagnosis, and management of Nocardia-related infective endocarditis. A detailed history of injection practices should guide clinicians in assessing the risk for environmental pathogens. Valvular surgery and combination antibiotic therapy should be recommended for all eligible patients to improve the chances of survival.

Indexed as

Drug UsersEndocarditis, BacterialNocardiaNocardia InfectionsHumansMaleMiddle AgedSpectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-IonizationCase reportEndocarditisInjection drug useNocardia spp.

Identifiers

PMID34412578
PMCPMC8375157
OpenAlexW3195045000

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.