Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34412551›Full record

SynthesisCancer biology & therapy2021

A systematic review of datasets that can help elucidate relationships among gene expression, race, and immunohistochemistry-defined subtypes in breast cancer.

Ifeanyichukwu O Nwosu, Stephen R Piccolo

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Cancer biology & therapy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. In Silico Analysis of Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026
    Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Ifeanyichukwu O NwosuDepartment of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-0264-0098
Stephen R PiccoloDepartment of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-2001-5640

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Scholarly requirements have led to a massive increase of transcriptomic data in the public domain, with millions of samples available for secondary research. We identified gene-expression datasets representing 10,214 breast-cancer patients in public databases. We focused on datasets that included patient metadata on race and/or immunohistochemistry (IHC) profiling of the ER, PR, and HER-2 proteins. This review provides a summary of these datasets and describes findings from 32 research articles associated with the datasets. These studies have helped to elucidate relationships between IHC, race, and/or treatment options, as well as relationships between IHC status and the breast-cancer intrinsic subtypes. We have also identified broad themes across the analysis methodologies used in these studies, including breast cancer subtyping, deriving predictive biomarkers, identifying differentially expressed genes, and optimizing data processing. Finally, we discuss limitations of prior work and recommend future directions for reusing these datasets in secondary analyses.

Indexed as

Breast NeoplasmsBiomarkers, TumorErb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine KinasesFemaleHumansImmunohistochemistryReceptors, ProgesteroneTranscriptomeBiomarkers, TumorErb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine KinasesReceptors, ProgesteroneBreast cancerdisease subtypesgene-expression profilinghealth disparitiesimmunohistochemistry statusracetriple negative breast cancer

Identifiers

PMID34412551
PMCPMC8489952

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.