Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34411993›Full record

ArticlePublic health2021

Factors associated with non-essential workplace attendance during the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK in early 2021: evidence from cross-sectional surveys.

S Michie, H W W Potts, R West, R Amlȏt, L E Smith, N T Fear, G J Rubin

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
1.0field-weighted citation impact, top 21% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

S MichieUniversity College London, Centre for Behaviour Change, United Kingdom. Electronic address: s.michie@ucl.ac.uk.
H W W PottsUniversity College London, Institute of Health Informatics, United Kingdom.
R WestUniversity College London, Department of Behavioural Science and Health, United Kingdom.
R AmlȏtPublic Health England, Behavioural Science Team, Emergency Response Department Science and Technology, United Kingdom; NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emergency Preparedness and Response, United Kingdom; Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, United Kingdom.
L E SmithKing's College London, Department of Psychological Medicine, United Kingdom; NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emergency Preparedness and Response, United Kingdom.
N T FearKing's College London, Department of Psychological Medicine, United Kingdom; King's College London, King's Centre for Military Health Research and Academic Department of Military Mental Health, United Kingdom.
G J RubinKing's College London, Department of Psychological Medicine, United Kingdom; NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emergency Preparedness and Response, United Kingdom.
King's College London · GBUniversity College London · GBHealth Protection Scotland · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesWorking from home where possible is important in reducing the spread of COVID-19. In early 2021, a quarter of people in England who believed they could work entirely from home reported attending their workplace. To inform interventions to reduce this, this study examined associated factors. STUDY

designData from the ongoing COVID-19 Rapid Survey of Adherence to Interventions and Responses survey series of nationally representative samples of people in the UK aged 16+ years in January-February 2021 were used.

methodsThe study sample was 1422 respondents who reported that they could work completely from home. The outcome measure was self-reported workplace attendance at least once during the preceding week. Factors of interest were analysed in three blocks: 1) sociodemographic variables, 2) variables relating to respondents' circumstances and 3) psychological variables.

results26.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 24.5%-29.1%) of respondents reported having attended their workplace at least once in the preceding week. Sociodemographic variables and living circumstances significantly independently predicted non-essential workplace attendance: male gender (odds ratio [OR] = 1.85, 95% CI = 1.33-2.58); dependent children in the household (OR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.17-2.32); financial hardship (OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.08-1.21); lower socio-economic grade (C2DE; OR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.19-2.53); working in sectors such as health or social care (OR = 4.18, 95% CI = 2.56-6.81), education and childcare (OR = 2.45, 95% CI = 1.45-4.14) and key public service (OR = 3.78, 95% CI = 1.83-7.81) and having been vaccinated (OR = 2.08, 95% CI = 1.33-3.24).

conclusionsNon-essential workplace attendance in the UK in early 2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic was significantly independently associated with a range of sociodemographic variables and personal circumstances. Having been vaccinated, financial hardship, socio-economic grade C2DE, having a dependent child at home and working in certain key sectors were associated with higher likelihood of workplace attendance.

Indexed as

COVID-19PandemicsChildCross-Sectional StudiesHumansMaleSARS-CoV-2Surveys and QuestionnairesUnited KingdomWorkplaceCOVID-19Personal circumstancesSociodemographic variablesWorkplace attendance

Identifiers

PMID34411993
PMCPMC8463075
OpenAlexW3191001662

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.