Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34410982›Full record

Trial reportIn vivo (Athens, Greece)

A New and Validated, Randomised, Controlled Placebo Water Development Trial for Medicinal Water-based Research.

Balazs Nemeth, Adrienn Hanzel, Karoly Berenyi, Ivan Peter, Csilla Hetesi, Zeno Ajtay, Agnes Szenczi, Andras Sumegi, Katalin Szendi

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in In vivo (Athens, Greece). The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Challenges of blinding in clinical balneology trials: a scoping review.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Balazs NemethDepartment of Public Health Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
Adrienn HanzelDepartment of Public Health Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
Karoly BerenyiDepartment of Public Health Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
Ivan PeterHarkány Spa Hospital, Harkány, Hungary.
Csilla HetesiHarkány Spa Hospital, Harkány, Hungary.
Zeno AjtayHarkány Spa Hospital, Harkány, Hungary.
Agnes SzencziDepartment of Public Health Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary; agnes.szenczi@aok.pte.hu.
Andras SumegiDepartment of Public Health Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
Katalin SzendiDepartment of Public Health Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND/

aimTo develop and validate an easy-to-use and cheap method capable of producing placebo from tap water for medicinal water efficacy trials. PATIENTS AND

methodsPatients were divided into two groups, medicinal water and tap water group. A single 20-minute-long treatment was performed in bathtubs. Patients were asked four times during the bath to tell if they were treated with medicinal water, tap water, or could not decide. Patients were scored, one point was given for each correct answer.

resultsA total of 174 patients were enrolled. No significant differences were found either between the average scores or the answers of the two groups. Being familiar with the Harkány medicinal water did not influence the rate of correct answers either. There was no statistically significant difference in the number of changes of opinions between the two groups.

conclusionThe used method is appropriate for producing a validated placebo from tap water.

Indexed as

WaterHumansWaterbalneotherapyMedicinal waterplacebotrial

Identifiers

PMID34410982
PMCPMC8408695

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.