ArticleEuropean journal of clinical pharmacology2022
Impacts of cachexia progression in addition to serum IgG and blood lymphocytes on serum nivolumab in advanced cancer patients.
Article in European journal of clinical pharmacology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exposure-response relationship of nivolumab and ipilimumab in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma from the randomised phase 2 BIONIKK study.British journal of cancer · 2026Trial
- Cancer Cachexia in Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma: From Molecular Mechanisms to Prognostic Assessment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Curcumin Nanoparticles-related Non-invasive Tumor Therapy, and Cardiotoxicity Relieve.Current medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Therapeutic drug monitoring of immune checkpoint inhibitors: based on their pharmacokinetic properties and biomarkers.Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology · 2023Review
- Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeSerum nivolumab concentrations exhibit a large variation in cancer patients. Cancer cachexia inducing systemic inflammation promotes the elimination of endogenous proteins, while its association with serum nivolumab remains unclear. The present study aimed to evaluate the impacts of cachexia progression in addition to blood components on serum nivolumab in cancer patients.
methodsThirty-eight non-small-cell lung cancer or renal cell cancer patients receiving biweekly intravenous nivolumab were enrolled. Blood samples were collected just before dosing at the 7th administration of nivolumab or later. Serum nivolumab together with serum proteins, inflammatory markers, and peripheral blood leukocytes were determined. Cancer cachexia was classified using the Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS). Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) were monitored during the study period.
resultsCancer patients had a large variation in serum nivolumab concentrations (interquartile range, 12-21 µg/mL per mg/kg). The serum nivolumab concentration was positively correlated with serum albumin, while negatively associated with serum globulin and immunoglobulin G (IgG). A negative correlation was observed between serum nivolumab and blood lymphocytes. Regarding cachexia progression, the patients with GPS 2 had a higher serum interleukin-6 concentration and a lower serum nivolumab concentration than those with GPS 0 or 1. The GPS, serum IgG, and blood lymphocytes were identified as independent variables for serum nivolumab. The incidence of irAEs was not associated with the nivolumab dose or serum nivolumab.
conclusionCachexia progression had a negative impact on serum nivolumab in cancer patients. The interindividual variation in serum nivolumab was characterized by cachexia progression in addition to blood components.
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