Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34409968›Full record

ArticleThe journal of nutrition, health & aging2021

Longitudinal Association between Late-Life Depression (LLD) and Frailty: Findings from a Prospective Cohort Study (MiMiCS-FRAIL).

M K Borges, C V Romanini, N A Lima, M Petrella, D L da Costa, V N An, B N Aguirre, J R Galdeano, I C Fernandes, J F Cecato and 3 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The journal of nutrition, health & aging, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.5field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  9. Predictors of fatigue in Individuals With Late-Life Depression.The American journal of geriatric psychiatry. Open science, education, and practice · 2025
    Article
  10. The relationship between frailty and depression in Chinese elderly prostate cancer patients following radical surgery: the mediating effect of sleep disturbances.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

M K BorgesIvan Aprahamian, MD, MS, PhD, FACP, FISAD. Group of Investigation on Multimorbidity and Mental Health in Aging (GIMMA). Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Jundiaí Medical School. 250 Francisco Telles st. ZIP 13202-550. Jundiaí. Brazil; E-mail: ivan.aprahamian@gmail.com. Tweeter: @IAprahamian.
C V Romanini
N A Lima
M Petrella
D L da Costa
V N An
B N Aguirre
J R Galdeano
I C Fernandes
J F Cecato
E C Robello
R C Oude Voshaar
I Aprahamian
Faculdade de Medicina de Jundiaí · BRUniversidade de São Paulo · BRUniversity Medical Center Groningen · NLUniversity of Groningen · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThe aim of the present study was to investigate whether late-life depression (LLD) is associated with incident frailty over time.

designProspective cohort study, one-year follow-up.

settingGeriatric outpatient clinic, Southwestern of Brazil.

participants181 follow-up participants aged 60 years or over. MEASUREMENTS: Depressive disorders were classified as Major Depressive disorder (MDD) or Subthreshold Depression (STD) according to DSM-5 criteria. Depressive symptoms were assessed with validated versions of 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) and 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). We performed binary logistic regressions to estimate the odds ratio (OR) for frailty in LLD adjusting for multiple confounders. Participants who were frail at baseline were excluded from the analyses according to measures of frailty (FRAIL questionnaire and 36-item Frailty Index, FI-36). We also estimated the risk ratio or relative risk (RR) and the risk difference (RD) for incident frailty.

resultsWe observed a 2 to 4-fold increased risk for incident frailty among participants with LLD. The presence of a depressive disorder was significantly associated with the onset of frailty (adjusted OR for FRAIL and FI-36: 3.07 [95% CI = 1.03 - 9.17] and 3.76 [95% CI = 1.09 - 12.97], respectively. Notably, the risk for frailty due to LLD was significantly higher with the FI-36 compared to the FRAIL (RR: 3.03 versus 2.23). RD was of 17.3% and 12.7% with the FRAIL and the FI-36, respectively.

conclusionOur data support the association between LLD and incident frailty over one year among geriatric outpatients, reinforcing longitudinal evidence from population-based studies.

Indexed as

FrailtyMajor Depressive DisorderAgedAged, 80 and overDepressionFemaleFrail ElderlyGeriatric AssessmentHumansIncidenceLongitudinal StudiesMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesagedDepressionfrailtygeriatric psychiatrymorbidityprognosis

Identifiers

PMID34409968
PMCPMC8103429
OpenAlexW3159871634

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.