Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34408547›Full record

ArticleSaudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society2021

Concurrent validity of the Arabic version of General Medication Adherence Scale using two validated indirect adherences measures in Saudi patients with non-communicable diseases.

Md Ashraful Islam, Zeb-Un- Nisa, Abdullah Isa Almuzel, Hani Sadiq Al Afif, Laila Hussain Al Rabia, Muhammad Shahid Iqbal, Azfar Athar Ishaqui, Muhammad Zahid Iqbal, Mohammad Akbar Hossain, Abdul Haseeb and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Arabic translation and cultural adaptation of Hill-Bone compliance to high blood pressure therapy scale.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2024
    Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Md Ashraful IslamDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Zeb-Un- NisaFaculty of Pharmacy, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Abdullah Isa AlmuzelCollege of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Hani Sadiq Al AfifCollege of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Laila Hussain Al RabiaCollege of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Muhammad Shahid IqbalDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia.
Azfar Athar IshaquiDepartment of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz Hospital, National Guard Health Authority, Alahsa, Saudi Arabia.
Muhammad Zahid IqbalDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Bedong, Malaysia.
Mohammad Akbar HossainDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
Abdul HaseebDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
Shazia JamshedDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, uniSZA, Kuala Terranganu, Malaysia.
Atta Abbas NaqviDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Sunil KripalaniCenter for Clinical Quality and Implementation Research, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThis study aimed to evaluate the concurrent validity of the Arabic version of the General Medication Adherence Scale (GMAS) using two validated scales namely Adherence to Refills and Medications Scale (ARMS) and Medication Adherence Rating Scale (MARS) in Saudi patients with non-communicable diseases.

methodsA cross sectional study was conducted for 2 months in out-patient departments at a tertiary care hospital in Khobar, Saudi Arabia. The study collected data from patients with chronic illnesses through convenience sampling. Pearson correlation (ρ) was conducted to report concurrent validity of GMAS. A correlation coefficient value ≥ 0.5 with p-value < 0.01 was considered threshold for establishing concurrent validity. The study was approved by an ethics committee (IRB-2019-05-002).

resultsA total of 406 patients responded to the study. The average age was 42.4 ± 5.94 years, and most patients were females (53.7%), married (70%), graduates (65.3%), employed (39.9%) and, had a monthly family income > SAR 10,000, i.e., USD 2666.2 (56.4%). The mean adherence scores obtained from MARS, ARMS and GMAS were 7.09, 19.9, and 27.4. The correlation (ρ) between GMAS and MARS scores was 0.65, and between GMAS and ARMS scores was -0.79, p < 0.01 for both comparisons.

conclusionThe concurrent validity of GMAS-AR was established in this study that would further substantiate psychometric properties of the scale in this population.

Indexed as

AdherenceAdherence to Refills and Medications scale (ARMS)General Medication Adherence ScaleMedication Adherence Rating Scale (MARS)Non-communicable diseasesPatientsValidation

Identifiers

PMID34408547
PMCPMC8363103

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.