ArticleBMJ open2021
Estimation of the economic burden of COVID-19 using disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and productivity losses in Kerala, India: a model-based analysis.
Article in BMJ open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- The burden of COVID-19 based on disability-adjusted life years: a systematic review of available evidence.Frontiers in public health · 2025Pooled it
- Economic Evaluation of COVID-19 Immunization Strategies: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis.Applied health economics and health policy · 2024Pooled it
- The global economic burden of COVID-19 disease: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.Systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness of Inactivated Vaccine to Address COVID-19 Pandemic in China: Evidence From Randomized Control Trials and Real-World Studies.Frontiers in public health · 2022Pooled it
- Paid and unpaid productivity losses across 28 European countries due to excess deaths and COVID-19 deaths from 2020 to 2023.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2026Article
- A state wise analysis of the socioeconomic and health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic in India: lessons for future health system preparedness.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- The economic burden of COVID-19 premature mortality in Kuwait.BMC public health · 2025Article
- COVID-19 burden in Iran: disability-adjusted life years analysis from hospital data, 2020-2021.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2024Article
- Enhancing quality of life in severe post-COVID-19 survivors through multidisciplinary care.ERJ open research · 2024Article
- The cost of inaction on health equity and its social determinants.BMJ global health · 2024Review
- Economic burden due to COVID-19 in a Colombian Caribbean state, 2020 and 2021.Epidemiologia e servicos de saude : revista do Sistema Unico de Saude do Brasil · 2024Article
- Article
- Estimation of non-health gross domestic product (NHGDP) loss due to COVID-19 deaths in West Bengal, India.BMJ open · 2023Article
- Gender and age group-wise inequality in health burden and value of premature death from COVID-19 in India.Aging and health research · 2023Article
- Model-based estimation of burden of COVID-19 with disability-adjusted life years and value of statistical life in West Bengal, India.BMJ open · 2023Article
- A One Health strategy for emerging infectious diseases based on the COVID-19 outbreak.Journal of biosafety and biosecurity · 2022Review
- Modelling the potential acute and post-acute burden of COVID-19 under the Australian border re-opening plan.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) due to the direct health impact of COVID-19 in India, 2020.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Burden of severe COVID-19 in center of Iran: results of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs).International journal of molecular epidemiology and genetics · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesFrom the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, clinical practice and research globally have centred on the prevention of transmission and treatment of the disease. The pandemic has had a huge impact on the economy and stressed healthcare systems worldwide. The present study estimates disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), years of potential productive life lost (YPPLL) and cost of productivity lost (CPL) due to premature mortality and absenteeism secondary to COVID-19 in the state of Kerala, India.
settingDetails on sociodemographics, incidence, death, quarantine, recovery time, etc were derived from public sources and the Collective for Open Data Distribution-Keralam. The working proportion for 5-year age-gender cohorts and the corresponding life expectancy were obtained from the 2011 Census of India. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: The impact of the disease was computed through model-based analysis on various age-gender cohorts. Sensitivity analysis was conducted by adjusting six variables across 21 scenarios. We present two estimates, one until 15 November 2020 and later updated to 10 June 2021.
resultsSeverity of infection and mortality were higher among the older cohorts, with men being more susceptible than women in most subgroups. DALYs for males and females were 15 954.5 and 8638.4 until 15 November 2020, and 83 853.0 and 56 628.3 until 10 June 2021. The corresponding YPPLL were 1323.57 and 612.31 until 15 November 2020, and 6993.04 and 3811.57 until 10 June 2021, and the CPL (premature mortality) were 263 780 579.94 and 41 836 001.82 until 15 November 2020, and 1 419 557 903.76 and 278 275 495.29 until 10 June 2021.
conclusionsMost of the COVID-19 burden was contributed by years of life lost. Losses due to YPPLL were reduced as the impact of COVID-19 infection was lesser among the productive cohorts. The CPL values for individuals aged 40-49 years old were the highest. These estimates provide the data necessary for policymakers to work on reducing the economic burden of COVID-19 in Kerala.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.