ArticleBMJ open2021
Association of metabolic syndrome with risk of cardiovascular disease mortality and all-cause mortality among Malaysian adults: a retrospective cohort study.
Article in BMJ open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Association between metabolic syndrome and myocardial infarction among patients with excess body weight: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2024Pooled it
- The landscape of adult obesity in Malaysia: a mapping of evidence and contemporary narrative review.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2026Review
- The simplified method for quantifying metabolic syndrome (siMS) score reflects an increased cardiometabolic burden: adiposity, hemodynamics, and HRV findings in young adults.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2026Article
- The role and therapeutic potential of purinergic signaling pathway in metabolic syndrome-related atherosclerosis.Purinergic signalling · 2026Review
- Protective effect of serum carotenoids on mortality among metabolic syndrome patients: attenuated by lipid-lowering drugs.Nutrition journal · 2025Article
- Plant-Based Dietary Protein Is Associated with Lower Metabolic Syndrome Risk in Division III Female Athletes: A Pilot Study.Nutrients · 2024Article
- A Systematic Review of Metabolic Syndrome: Key Correlated Pathologies and Non-Invasive Diagnostic Approaches.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Article
- The Metabolic Syndrome, a Human Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Article
- Oxidative stress mediates the association between triglyceride-glucose index and risk of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in metabolic syndrome: evidence from a prospective cohort study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Burden, determinants and treatment status of metabolic syndrome among older adults in India: a nationally representative, community-based cross-sectional survey.BMJ public health · 2023Article
- Identifying pre-existing conditions and multimorbidity patterns associated with in-hospital mortality in patients with COVID-19.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Exploring the sequential accumulation of metabolic syndrome components in adults.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Higher Intake of Dairy Is Associated with Lower Cardiometabolic Risks and Metabolic Syndrome in Asian Indians.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Association between weight change and risk of metabolic abnormalities in non-overweight/obese and overweight/obese population: A retrospective cohort study among Chinese adults.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThis study is aimed at determining the association between metabolic syndrome and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and all-cause mortality among Malaysian adults.
designRetrospective cohort study.
settingThe Malaysian Non-Communicable Disease Surveillance (MyNCDS-1) 2005/2006.
participantsA total of 2525 adults (1013 men and 1512 women), aged 24-64 years, who participated in the MyNCDS-1 2005/2006.
methodsParticipants' anthropometric indices, blood pressure, fasting lipid profile and fasting blood glucose levels were evaluated to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome by the Harmonized criteria. Participants' mortality status were followed up for 13 years from 2006 to 2018. Mortality data were obtained via record linkage with the Malaysian National Registration Department. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was applied to determine association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and risk of CVD mortality and all-cause mortality with adjustment for selected sociodemographic and lifestyle behavioural factors.
resultsThe overall point prevalence of MetS was 30.6% (95% CI: 28.0 to 33.3). Total follow-up time was 31 668 person-years with 213 deaths (111 (11.3%) in MetS subjects and 102 (6.1%) in non-MetS subjects) from all-causes, and 50 deaths (33 (2.9%) in MetS group and 17 (1.2%) in non-MetS group) from CVD. Metabolic syndrome was associated with a significantly increased hazard of CVD mortality (adjusted HR: 2.18 (95% CI: 1.03 to 4.61), p=0.041) and all-cause mortality (adjusted HR: 1.47 (95% CI: 1.00 to 2.14), p=0.048). These associations remained significant after excluding mortalities in the first 2 years.
conclusionsOur study shows that individuals with MetS have a higher hazard of death from all-causes and CVD compared with those without MetS. It is thus imperative to prescribe individuals with MetS, a lifestyle intervention along with pharmacological intervention to improve the individual components of MetS and reduce this risk.
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