ArticleThe ocular surface2021
Alterations in corneal nerves in different subtypes of dry eye disease: An in vivo confocal microscopy study.
Article in The ocular surface, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Advances in Dry Eye Disease Examination Techniques.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Pooled it
- The effect of 0.1% topical ciclosporin a for 12-weeks on the ocular surface innate and adaptive immune response in dry eye disease: protocol for a randomized controlled clinical trial.Annals of medicine · 2026Article
- Topical Insulin for Corneal Persistent Epithelial Defects: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2026Article
- Pathological mechanisms of Sjögren's disease-related dry eye: from multiglandular dysfunction to ocular surface inflammation.International ophthalmology · 2026Review
- Corneal Stromal Microdots in Dry Eye Disease: Clinical Characterization and Associations With Corneal Nerve Parameters.Translational vision science & technology · 2026Article
- Emerging Technologies in Corneal Nerve Evaluation for Dry Eye and Ocular Surface Disease: A Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Molecular landscape connecting complications of dry eye disease: mechanisms, therapeutic targets, biomarkers, and future innovations.International ophthalmology · 2026Review
- Association of a novel meibomian gland dysfunction composite score with corneal nerve parameters and ocular surface symptoms in dry eye disease.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles for dry eye disease: principles, progress, and challenges.Extracellular vesicles and circulating nucleic acids · 2026Review
- Tear Film Alterations in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Dry Eye Disease and Psychiatric Disorders: Neuroimmune Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- A narrative literature review about alpha-lipoic acid role in dry eye and ocular surface disease.Acta ophthalmologica · 2025Review
- Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Ameliorates Experimental Dry Eye Disease.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- In vivo confocal microscopy provides evidence of corneal nerve damage and basal tear film reduction in patients treated with oral isotretinoin.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Topical neurokinin-1 receptor antagonism ameliorates ocular pain and prevents corneal nerve degeneration in an animal model of dry eye disease.Pain reports · 2025Article
- Segmentation and multiparametric evaluation of corneal whorl-like nerves for in vivo confocal microscopy images in dry eye disease.BMJ open ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Confocal Microscopy of the Cornea in Aqueous-Deficient Dry Eye Disease-A Literature Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Review
- Evaluating GlicoPro Tear Substitute Derived fromJournal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Immunocytochemical Analysis of Crocin against Oxidative Stress in Trigeminal Sensory Neurons Innervating the Cornea.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo evaluate corneal subbasal nerve alterations in evaporative and aqueous-deficient dry eye disease (DED) as compared to controls.
methodsIn this retrospective, cross-sectional, controlled study, eyes with a tear break-up time of less than 10 s were classified as DED. Those with an anesthetized Schirmer's strip of less than 5 mm were classified as aqueous-deficient DED. Three representative in vivo confocal microscopy images were graded for each subject for total, main, and branch nerve density and numbers.
resultsCompared to 42 healthy subjects (42 eyes), the 70 patients with DED (139 eyes) showed lower total (18,579.0 ± 687.7 μm/mm
conclusionsPatients with DED demonstrate compromised corneal subbasal nerves, which is more pronounced in aqueous-deficient DED. This suggests a role for neurosensory abnormalities in the pathophysiology of DED.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.