ArticleAmerican journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989)2021
Molecular mimicry between SARS-CoV-2 and the female reproductive system.
Article in American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Autoimmune Features of Post-COVID-19 Vaccination Syndrome and Their Impacts on the Renin-Angiotensin System.Vaccines · 2026Review
- SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein and Molecular Mimicry: An Immunoinformatic Screen for Cross-Reactive Autoantigen Candidates.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Functional Autoantibodies Targeting G-Protein-Coupled Receptors and Their Clinical Phenotype in Patients with Long-COVID.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- NETosis: A key player in autoimmunity, COVID-19, and long COVID.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2025Review
- Endometriosis: An Immunologist's Perspective.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Long COVID-19 autoantibodies and their potential effect on fertility.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination is Not Associated With Involuntary Childlessness in Female Healthcare Workers: A Multicenter Cohort Study.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2024Article
- Article
- New Onset Autoimmune Diseases after the Sputnik Vaccine.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- COVID-19-The Shift of Homeostasis into Oncopathology or Chronic Fibrosis in Terms of Female Reproductive System Involvement.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Editorial for "Post COVID-19 Syndrome in Patients with Asymptomatic/Mild Form".Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Molecular mimicry and COVID-19: Potential implications for global fertility.Molecular biology research communications · 2023Article
- The Role of Exposomes in the Pathophysiology of Autoimmune Diseases II: Pathogens.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2022Review
- The autonomic aspects of the post-COVID19 syndrome.Autoimmunity reviews · 2022Review
- Autoantibodies and SARS-CoV2 infection: The spectrum from association to clinical implication: Report of the 15th Dresden Symposium on Autoantibodies.Autoimmunity reviews · 2022Review
- Molecular mimicry between SARS-CoV-2 and the female reproductive system.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2021Article
- Maternal COVID-19 Vaccination and Its Potential Impact on Fetal and Neonatal Development.Vaccines · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionOogenesis, the process of egg production by the ovary, involves a complex differentiation program leading to the production of functional oocytes. This process comprises a sequential pathway of steps that are finely regulated. The question related to SARS-CoV-2 infection and fertility has been evoked for several reasons, including the mechanism of molecular mimicry, which may contribute to female infertility by leading to the generation of deleterious autoantibodies, possibly contributing to the onset of an autoimmune disease in infected patients.
objectiveThe immunological potential of the peptides shared between SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein and oogenesis-related proteins; Thus we planned a systematic study to improve our understanding of the possible effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on female fertility using the angle of molecular mimicry as a starting point.
methodsA library of 82 human proteins linked to oogenesis was assembled at random from UniProtKB database using oogenesis, uterine receptivity, decidualization, and placentation as a key words. For the analyses, an artificial polyprotein was built by joining the 82 a sequences of the oogenesis-associated proteins. These were analyzed by searching the Immune Epitope DataBase for immunoreactive SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein epitopes hosting the shared pentapeptides.
resultsSARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein was found to share 41 minimal immune determinants, that is, pentapeptides, with 27 human proteins that relate to oogenesis, uterine receptivity, decidualization, and placentation. All the shared pentapeptides that we identified, with the exception of four, are also present in SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein-derived epitopes that have been experimentally validated as immunoreactive.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.