ArticleJournal of medical virology2022
Evaluation of the relationship between serum levels of zinc, vitamin B12, vitamin D, and clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19.
Article in Journal of medical virology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- The impact of proton pump inhibitor exposure on pneumonia: an updated meta-analysis based on randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- The Association Between Antioxidants and COVID-19 Outcomes: a Systematic Review on Observational Studies.Biological trace element research · 2023Pooled it
- The Associations of Iron Related Biomarkers with Risk, Clinical Severity and Mortality in SARS-CoV-2 Patients: A Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2022Pooled it
- Serum zinc level independently predicts need for inpatient intubation among patients hospitalized with COVID-19: A prospective observational study.Nutrition in clinical practice : official publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition · 2026Observational
- COVID-19 and long-term risk of incident laboratory-defined micronutrient deficiency in patients with type 2 diabetes: a multicenter propensity score-matched cohort study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Laboratory parameters related to disease severity and physical performance after reconvalescence of acute COVID-19 infection.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The close association of micronutrients with COVID-19.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Zinc and selenium status in coronavirus disease 2019.Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2023Review
- Review
- Vitamin B12 effectiveness in the management of hospitalized COVID-19 and its clinical outcomes and complications: A randomized clinical trial.Health science reports · 2023Article
- The association between dietary intakes of zinc, vitamin C and COVID-19 severity and related symptoms: A cross-sectional study.Clinical nutrition ESPEN · 2023Article
- Relationship between Plasma Levels of Zinc and Magnesium with the Treatment Process and Mortality Risk in COVID-19 Patients.Tanaffos · 2023Article
- COVID-19: Reducing the risk via diet and lifestyle.Journal of integrative medicine · 2023Review
- COVID-19 Oral Sequelae: Persistent Gustatory and Saliva Secretory Dysfunctions after Recovery from COVID-19.Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre · 2023Review
- The influence of COVID-19 on colorectal cancer was investigated using bioinformatics and systems biology techniques.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- Vitamin D and COVID-19-Revisited.Journal of internal medicine · 2022Review
- The potential role of ischaemia-reperfusion injury in chronic, relapsing diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, Long COVID, and ME/CFS: evidence, mechanisms, and therapeutic implications.The Biochemical journal · 2022Review
- The association between micronutrients and the SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies in convalescent patients.Infection · 2022Article
- Effects of nutrients on immunomodulation in patients with severe COVID-19: Current knowledge.World journal of critical care medicine · 2022Review
- Vitamin D prescribing practices among clinical practitioners during the COVID-19 pandemic.Health science reports · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Due to the known anti-inflammatory and antiviral effects of zinc, 25(OH)D, and vitamin B12, in this study, we explored the association between serum levels of these micronutrients in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients at the time of admission and the clinical outcomes. This study was carried out on 293 patients with COVID-19, who were hospitalized at Imam Hassan hospital (Bojnourd, Iran). We collected demographic data, clinical characteristics, values of serum biochemical parameters in the first week of admission, and clinical outcomes from electronic medical records. We also measured serum levels of zinc, 25(OH)D, and vitamin B12 within 3 days of admission. Of the 293 hospitalized, the median age was 53 years, and 147 (50.17%) were female. Thirty-seven patients (12.62%) were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), and forty-two (14.32%) died. We found that the serum levels of zinc, vitamin B12, and 25(OH)D were lower in patients who died than those who were admitted to ICU or non-ICU and survived; however, these differences were not statistically significant for vitamin B12 and 25(OH)D (p > 0.05). The serum concentrations of zinc, vitamin B12, and 25(OH)D at the time of admission did not affect the length of hospital stay in patients with COVID-19. In general, it seems that serum levels of 25(OH)D, vitamin B12, and especially zinc at the time of admission can affect clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients.
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Registered trials
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