ArticleArchives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery2023
Patient-specific risk profile associated with early-onset primary osteoarthritis of the shoulder: is it really primary?
Article in Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intra-articular injections for shoulder arthritis in adults: a systematic review.European journal of medical research · 2025Pooled it
- Determination of inter-individual differences in humeral head centre translations in subjects with healthy shoulders.Royal Society open science · 2026Article
- Gender Disparities in Shoulder Pain and Shoulder Surgery: A Current Concepts Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Preosteoarthritic static posterior humeral subluxation in young adults (posterior shoulder instability type C1): associative factors, diagnosis, and treatment.JSES reviews, reports, and techniques · 2025Review
- Primary osteoarthritis of the shoulder: are there differences in scapular morphology, orientation, and rotator cuff action lines between patients and healthy controls?JSES international · 2025Article
- Risk factors associated with degenerative glenohumeral osteoarthritis.BMJ open sport & exercise medicine · 2025Article
- Diagnosis and treatment of posterior shoulder instability based on the ABC classification.EFORT open reviews · 2024Review
- Glenohumeral Osteoarthritis: A Biological Advantage or a Missed Diagnosis?Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Simple foot an ankle value: a simple evaluation correlated to the existing PROMs.European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2023Article
- Changes in microbiological spectrum and antibiotic susceptibility in two-stage exchange for periprosthetic shoulder infections.Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionAlthough age is considered to be the major risk factor of primary glenohumeral osteoarthritis (GOA), younger population may suffer from degenerative changes of the shoulder joint without evidence of any leading cause. The purpose of this study was to investigate the risk profile in young patients suffering from presumably primary GOA.
methodsA consecutive group of 47 patients undergoing primary shoulder arthroplasty for early-onset GOA below the age of 60 years at time of surgery was retrospectively identified and prospectively evaluated. Patients with identifiable cause for GOA (secondary GOA) were excluded. The resulting 32 patients (mean age 52 ± 7 years; 17 male, 15 female) with primary GOA were matched by age (± 3 years) and gender to 32 healthy controls (mean age 53 ± 7 years; 17 male, 15 female). Demographic data and patient-related risk factors were assessed and compared among both groups to identify extrinsic risk factors for primary GOA. Patients were further subdivided into a group with concentric GOA (group A) and a group with eccentric GOA (group B) to perform a subgroup analysis.
resultsPatients had a significantly higher BMI (p = 0.017), were more likely to be smokers (p < 0.001) and to have systematic diseases such as hypertension (p = 0.007) and polyarthritis (p < 0.001) and a higher Shoulder Activity Level (SAL) (p < 0.001) when compared to healthy controls. Furthermore, group B had a significantly higher SAL not only compared to healthy controls but also to group A, including activities such as combat sport (p = 0.048) and weightlifting (p = 0.01).
conclusionsSeveral patient-specific risk factors are associated with primary GOA in the young population, as well as highly shoulder demanding activities in the development of eccentric GOA. Consequently, a subset of young patients with eccentric primary GOA could in reality be secondary due to a muscular imbalance between internal and external rotators caused by improper weight training. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III, Case-Control study.
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