ArticleJAMA surgery2021
The Reporting of Race and Ethnicity in Surgery Literature.
Article in JAMA surgery, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Adherence to Updated Race and Ethnicity Reporting Guidance in Ophthalmology Journals.JAMA network open · 2025Pooled it
- Racial disparities in thyroid cancer outcomes: A systematic review.American journal of surgery · 2025Pooled it
- Racial and Ethnic Minorities Underrepresented in Pain Management Guidelines for Total Joint Arthroplasty: A Meta-analysis.Clinical orthopaedics and related research · 2024Pooled it
- A Systematic Review on Participant Diversity in Clinical Trials-Have We Made Progress for the Management of Obesity and Its Metabolic Sequelae in Diet, Drug, and Surgical Trials.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2023Pooled it
- Socioeconomic Health Disparities in the Treatment of Thyroid Cancer: A Single Institution in Southwestern Ohio.Head & neck · 2026Article
- Racial and Ethnic Representation Reporting in Orthopaedic Research.Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Global research & reviews · 2026Article
- Mapping strategies for reducing inequalities in adult elective surgical care in the United Kingdom: a living scoping review.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- Reporting of Race and Ethnicity in SLE Studies in High-Impact Rheumatology Journals.Open access rheumatology : research and reviews · 2026Article
- Race and ethnicity reporting in endometriosis literature: a systematic review.Facts, views & vision in ObGyn · 2025Article
- Gender and race in neurotrauma: part 2-underrepresentation in clinical trial enrollment and impact on clinical outcomes.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Statistical Methods to Examine Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Surgical Literature: A Review and Recommendations for Improvement.Annals of surgery · 2024Review
- Reporting of Participants' Sex, Race, Ethnicity, and Socioeconomic Status in Pituitary Surgery Literature.Journal of neurological surgery. Part B, Skull base · 2024Article
- Underrepresentation of Non-White Participants in the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons Guidelines for Surgical Management of Knee Osteoarthritis.The Journal of arthroplasty · 2024Article
- Ethnopsychopharmacology: Clinical and scientific writing pearls.The mental health clinician · 2023Article
- Reductionist methodology and the ambiguity of the categories of race and ethnicity in biomedical research: an exploratory study of recent evidence.Medicine, health care, and philosophy · 2023Article
- Disparities in reporting and representation by sex, race, and ethnicity in endovascular aortic device trials.Journal of vascular surgery · 2022Article
- Reporting of data on participant ethnicity and socioeconomic status in high-impact medical journals: a targeted literature review.BMJ open · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Importance: The reporting of race provides transparency to the representativeness of data and helps inform health care disparities. The International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) developed recommendations to promote quality reporting of race; however, the frequency of reporting continues to be low among most medical journals. Objective: To assess the frequency as well as quality of race reporting among publications from high-ranking broad-focused surgical research journals. Design, Setting, and Participants: A literature review and bibliometric analysis was performed examining all human-based primary research articles published in 2019 from 7 surgical journals: JAMA Surgery, Journal of the American College of Surgeons, Annals of Surgery, Surgery, American Journal of Surgery, Journal of Surgical Research, and Journal of Surgical Education. The 5 journals that stated they follow the ICMJE recommendations were analyzed against the 2 journals that did not explicitly claim adherence. Main Outcomes and Measures: Measured study outcomes included race reporting frequency and use of the ICMJE recommendations for quality reporting of race. Results: A total of 2485 publications were included in the study. The mean (SD) frequency of reporting of race and ethnicity in publications of ICMJE vs non-ICMJE journals was 32.8% (8.4) and 32.0% (20.9), respectively (P = .72). Adherence to ICMJE recommendations for reporting race was more frequent in ICMJE journals than non-ICMJE journals (mean [SD] of 73.1% [17.8] vs 37.0% [10.2]; P < .001). Conclusions and Relevance: The frequency of race and ethnicity reporting among surgical journals is low. A journal's statement of adherence to ICMJE recommendations did not affect the frequency of race and ethnicity reporting; however, there was an increase in the use of ICMJE quality metrics. These findings suggest the need for increased and more standardized reporting of racial and ethnic demographic data among surgical journals.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.