ArticlePhysiological reports2021
Fasting and postprandial trimethylamine N-oxide in sedentary and endurance-trained males following a short-term high-fat diet.
Article in Physiological reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The Association Between Lifestyle Interventions and Trimethylamine N-Oxide: A Systematic-Narrative Hybrid Literature Review.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- Impact of Caloric Restriction and Exercise on Trimethylamine N-Oxide Metabolism in Women with Obesity.Nutrients · 2023Trial
- Trimethylamine N-oxide in exercise physiology: a gut microbiota-derived signal linking metabolic stress, redox balance and cardiometabolic health.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Review
- Trimethylamine N-oxide is elevated in postmenopausal women relative to age-matched men and premenopausal women among individuals with obesity.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- Plasma cardiovascular stress biomarkers response to marathon running.Sports medicine and health science · 2025Article
- TMAO and Cardiovascular Disease: Exploring Its Potential as a Biomarker.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- Energy metabolism in health and diseases.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- The Interplay between Cardiovascular Disease, Exercise, and the Gut Microbiome.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Review
- Fasting and postprandial trimethylamine N-oxide in sedentary and endurance-trained males following a short-term high-fat diet.Physiological reports · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Gut bacteria release trimethylamine (TMA) from dietary substrates. TMA is absorbed and is subsequently oxidized in the liver to produce trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO). Plasma TMAO levels are positively correlated with risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). High-fat diet (HFD) consumption has been reported to increase fasting and postprandial TMAO in sedentary individuals. However, whether the increase in TMAO with consumption of an HFD is observed in endurance-trained males is unknown. Healthy, sedentary (n = 17), and endurance-trained (n = 7) males consumed a 10-day eucaloric diet comprised of 55% carbohydrate, 30% total fat, and <10% saturated fat prior to baseline testing. Blood samples were obtained in a fasted state and for a 4-hour high-fat challenge (HFC) meal at baseline and then again following 5-day HFD (30% carbohydrate, 55% total fat, and 25% saturated fat). Plasma TMAO and TMA-moiety (choline, betaine, L-carnitine) concentrations were measured using isocratic ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Age (23 ±3 vs. 22 ± 2 years) and body mass index (23.0 ± 3.0 vs. 23.5 ± 2.1 kg/m
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Registered trials
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