Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34405096›Full record

ArticleMovement disorders clinical practice2021

Progression in Parkinson's Disease: Variation in Motor and Non-motor Symptoms Severity and Predictors of Decline in Cognition, Motor Function, Disability, and Health-Related Quality of Life as Assessed by Two Different Methods.

Paulo Bugalho, Filipa Ladeira, Raquel Barbosa, João P Marto, Claudia Borbinha, Laurete da Conceição, Manuel Salavisa, Marlene Saraiva, Bruna Meira, Marco Fernandes

Erratum issuedAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Movement disorders clinical practice, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 26 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Health-related quality of life in Parkinson's disease: systematic review and meta-analysis of EuroQol (EQ-5D) utility scores.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2024
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  11. Advanced clinical stage Parkinson's disease is linked to proinflammatory and regulatory blood cell populations.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025
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  17. Prevalence, treatment, and neural correlates of apathy in different forms of dementia: a narrative review.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Paulo BugalhoDepartment of Neurology, Hospital de Egas Moniz Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental Lisbon Portugal.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2186-9541
Filipa LadeiraDepartment of Neurology, Hospital de Egas Moniz Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental Lisbon Portugal.
Raquel BarbosaDepartment of Neurology, Hospital de Egas Moniz Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental Lisbon Portugal.
João P MartoDepartment of Neurology, Hospital de Egas Moniz Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental Lisbon Portugal.
Claudia BorbinhaDepartment of Neurology, Hospital de Egas Moniz Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental Lisbon Portugal.
Laurete da ConceiçãoDepartment of Neurology, Hospital de Egas Moniz Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental Lisbon Portugal.
Manuel SalavisaDepartment of Neurology, Hospital de Egas Moniz Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental Lisbon Portugal.
Marlene SaraivaDepartment of Neurology, Hospital de Egas Moniz Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental Lisbon Portugal.
Bruna MeiraDepartment of Neurology, Hospital de Egas Moniz Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental Lisbon Portugal.
Marco FernandesDepartment of Neurology, Hospital de Egas Moniz Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental Lisbon Portugal.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundParkinson's disease (PD) is multi-symptom disease with variable progression.

objectivesWe performed a longitudinal study to address the evolution of motor symptoms (MS) and non-motor symptoms (NMS), predictors of motor-, cognitive-, disability-, and health-related quality of life (HRQL) status and the relative usefullness of a battery of separate NMS scales (BSS) versus the Non-Motor Symptom Scale (NMSS).

methodsSeventy-two patients were assessed at baseline and 4 years later with the NMSS and BSS. We assessed the following outcomes: cognition (Montreal Cognitive Assessment scale [MoCA]), disability (Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part II [UPDRS II], Schwab and England [S&E]), motor dysfunction (Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part III [UPDRS III], Hoehn and Yahr [HY]), and HRQL (EuroQol [EQ] EQ-vertical visual analogue scale [VAS] and EQ-Index). Statistical analysis included a comparison between scales scores at both time points and multivariate regression analysis to calculate the impact of each baseline symptom in outcomes. NMSS and BSS were introduced in separate models.

resultsNMSS Domain 4: perception/hallucinations, Parkinson's Psychosis Questionnaire, Apathy Scale, NMSS Domain 7: urinary, S&E, UPDRS II, HY, and MoCA scores worsened significantly. Dementia increased to a 4-year prevalence of 39.8%. In the multivariate model using BSS, cognitive state variation was significantly predicted by baseline HY, EQ-Index, and S&E. Using the NMSS, MoCA change was significantly associated with NMSS Domain 4: perceptions/hallucination score, cognitive status with UPDRS III score, HRQL with NMSS Domain 4: perception/hallucinations score, and S&E.

conclusionOur study suggests that NMS progress heterogeneously, BSS approach being more sensitive to change than NMSS. The multivariate analysis has shown that S&E and NMSS Domain 4: perception/hallucinations scores are the stronger predictors of HRQL and cognitive dysfunction variation, favoring NMSS over the BSS approach.

Indexed as

cognitionhealth‐related quality of lifeParkinson's diseasepsychosis

Identifiers

PMID34405096
PMCPMC8354069

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.