Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34404400›Full record

ArticleBMC oral health2021

Inequality in dental services: a scoping review on the role of access toward achieving universal health coverage in oral health.

Arash Ghanbarzadegan, Madhan Balasubramanian, Liana Luzzi, David Brennan, Peivand Bastani

Open access · goldAbstract readScoping Review
In one paragraph

Article in BMC oral health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
44citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
5.8field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

44 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 68 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Advancing equity and value in United States healthcare: an umbrella review.International journal for equity in health · 2026
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  16. Generators of Inequality and Inequity Affecting Dental Patient Safety: A Grounded Theory Approach.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Arash GhanbarzadeganAustralian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia.
Madhan BalasubramanianAustralian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia.
Liana LuzziAustralian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia.
David BrennanAustralian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia.
Peivand BastaniHealth Human Resources Research Centre, Level 5, School of Health Management and Medical Informatics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Ghasrodasht St., Shiraz, Iran. bastanip@sums.ac.ir.ORCID 0000-0002-0412-0267
The University of Adelaide · AUShiraz University of Medical Sciences · IRThe University of Sydney · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundImproving access to health services is a way towards achieving universal health coverage (UHC) in oral health. The purpose of this review was to map the determinants of access to dental services within a UHC framework.

methodScoping review methods were adopted for the review. PUBMED, Scopus, ISI Web of Science and ProQuest were searched for academic literature on determinants of access to dental services in OCED countries. Articles published in the last 20 years were included. No restriction was placed on study methods; only articles in English language were included. Qualitative synthesis was conducted, along with a trend analysis and mapping exercise.

resultA total of 4320 articles were identified in the initial search; 57 articles were included in the qualitative synthesis. The results indicate 7 main themes as the determinants of access to dental services: family condition, cultural factors, health demands, affordability of services, availability of services, socio-environmental factors, geographical distance. Defined determinants of access to dental services, family condition, cultural factors and geographical access to dental services can fill the population axis of the UHC cube. Health demands and affordability of services fill the gap of financial protection as another axis of the UHC cube and finally, availability of dental services and socio-environmental factors are aligned with the appropriateness of services, the third axis of the UHC cube.

conclusionAccording to the results, family condition and cultural, health demands, affordability and availability of services, social environment, and geographic factors can affect dental health access and equality. Socio-cultural determinations also need to be considered in applied planning. Addressing these factors to improve access to dental services can pave the way for achieving universal health coverage in oral health and should be considered in different levels of policymaking.

Indexed as

Oral HealthUniversal Health InsuranceDental CareHealth ServicesHealth Services AccessibilityHumansPolicy MakingDental careDisparitiesHigh-income countriesOral health

Identifiers

PMID34404400
PMCPMC8369795
OpenAlexW3193421608

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.