ArticleJournal of hazardous materials2022
Face mask-A potential source of phthalate exposure for human.
Article in Journal of hazardous materials, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 95 citations in OpenAlex.
- Environmentally relevant bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate exposure increases stress vulnerability, evoking depressive-like behaviors in male mice.Archives of toxicology · 2026Article
- Face mask littering: environmental impacts, regulatory challenges, and AI-driven waste management strategies for the postpandemic era.Turkish journal of medical sciences · 2026Review
- [Simultaneous determination of 10 phthalate metabolites in urine by ultra performance liquid chromatography -tandem mass spectrometry].Se pu = Chinese journal of chromatography · 2025Article
- Article
- Do We Need Titanium Dioxide (TiOToxics · 2025Review
- Disruptive effects of phthalates and their substitutes on adrenal steroidogenesis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Simultaneous analysis of several plasticizer classes in different matrices by on-line turbulent flow chromatography-LC-MS/MS.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2024Article
- Review
- COVID-19 pandemic influence on perceived exposure to chemical substances in Latvia: data from a focus group discussion and the HBM4EU citizen survey.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Evidence-Based Approach for Secondary Prevention of Uterine Fibroids (The ESCAPE Approach).International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Measuring the quantity of harmful volatile organic compounds inhaled through masks.Ecotoxicology and environmental safety · 2023Article
- Current knowledge on the presence, biodegradation, and toxicity of discarded face masks in the environment.Journal of environmental chemical engineering · 2023Review
- Face Mask: As a Source or Protector of Human Exposure to Microplastics and Phthalate Plasticizers?Toxics · 2023Article
- Methine initiated polypropylene-based disposable face masks aging validated by micromechanical properties loss of atomic force microscopy.Journal of hazardous materials · 2023Article
- Dynamic variation and inhalation exposure of organophosphates esters and phthalic acid esters in face masks.Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) · 2023Article
- Release of phthalate esters (PAEs) and microplastics (MPs) from face masks and gloves during the COVID-19 pandemic.Environmental research · 2022Article
- Unraveling the potential human health risks from used disposable face mask-derived micro/nanoplastics during the COVID-19 pandemic scenario: A critical review.Environment international · 2022Review
- The face behind the Covid-19 mask - A comprehensive review.Environmental technology & innovation · 2022Review
- Migration of Microplastics and Phthalates from Face Masks to Water.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Medical devices as a source of phthalate exposure: a review of current knowledge and alternative solutions.Arhiv za higijenu rada i toksikologiju · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Face masks are necessary for fighting against the coronavirus disease 2019 around the world. As the face mask is usually made from polymers and phthalates are widely-used additives into the polymers, the face mask could be a potential source of phthalate exposure to humans. However, limited knowledge is available on the occurrence and risks of the phthalates from the face mask. In this study, twelve phthalates were determined in 56 mask samples collected from different countries. The phthalates were detected in all the samples with total levels ranging from 115 ng/g to 37,700 ng/g. Estimated daily intakes (EDIs) of the phthalates from the masks ranged from 3.71 to 639 ng/kg-bw/day, and the EDIs of the phthalates from masks for toddlers were approximately 4-5 times higher than those for adults. Non-carcinogenic risks in relation to the phthalates in masks were found to be within safe levels, yet 89.3% of the mask samples exhibited potential carcinogenic effects to humans. The extent of the risks for wearing masks located at a moderate level comparing with other skin-contacted products. This study unveiled a potential source of phthalate exposure to human, and indicated necessity of managing types and levels of additives in the face masks.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.