Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34403684›Full record

ArticleCell host & microbe2021

Gut microbiome ADP-ribosyltransferases are widespread phage-encoded fitness factors.

Eric M Brown, Hugo Arellano-Santoyo, Emily R Temple, Zachary A Costliow, Matthieu Pichaud, A Brantley Hall, Kai Liu, Michael A Durney, Xiebin Gu, Damian R Plichta and 4 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cell host & microbe, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
35citing papers in PubMed
1.9field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

35 citing papers in PubMed, 48 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. A phage takes the wheel.Nature microbiology · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Eric M BrownCenter for Computational and Integrative Biology, Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
Hugo Arellano-SantoyoBroad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Emily R TempleBroad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
Zachary A CostliowBroad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
Matthieu PichaudBroad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
A Brantley HallBroad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
Kai LiuCenter for Computational and Integrative Biology, Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
Michael A DurneyBroad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
Xiebin GuBroad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
Damian R PlichtaBroad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
Clary A ClishBroad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
Jeffrey A PorterNovartis Institutes for Biomedical Research Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Hera VlamakisBroad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for Microbiome Informatics and Therapeutics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Ramnik J XavierCenter for Computational and Integrative Biology, Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for Microbiome Informatics and Therapeutics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Electronic address: xavier@molbio.mgh.harvard.edu.
Broad Institute · USNovartis (United States) · USHarvard University · USMassachusetts General Hospital · US

Funding

RP5: Chemical proteomic discovery of small-molecule probes for autophagy proteinsU19AI142784 · NIAID · UT SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER · PI VIRGIN, HERBERT W · 2019 to 2023
$36.9M
Pilot & Feasibility ProgramP30DK043351 · NIDDK · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI RAYMOND T CHUNG · 1991 to 2026
$35.3M
Genetic and Pathway Analysis CoreU19AI109725 · NIAID · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI VIRGIN, HERBERT W · 2014 to 2018
$32.7M
ATG16L1 T300A: genetics to biologyR01DK097485 · NIDDK · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI XAVIER, RAMNIK J · 2013 to 2021
$4.1M
NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI109725NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI142784NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK043351NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK097485
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Bacterial ADP-ribosyltransferases (ADPRTs) have been described as toxins involved in pathogenesis through the modification of host proteins. Here, we report that ADPRTs are not pathogen restricted but widely prevalent in the human gut microbiome and often associated with phage elements. We validated their biochemical activity in a large clinical isolate collection and further examined Bxa, a highly abundant ADPRT in Bacteroides. Bxa is expressed, secreted, and enzymatically active in Bacteroides and can ADP-ribosylate non-muscle myosin II proteins. Addition of Bxa to epithelial cells remodeled the actin cytoskeleton and induced secretion of inosine. Bxa-encoding B. stercoris can use inosine as a carbon source and colonizes the gut to significantly greater numbers than a bxa-deleted strain in germ-free and altered Schaedler flora (ASF) mice. Colonization correlated with increased inosine concentrations in the feces and tissues. Altogether, our results show that ADPRTs are abundant in the microbiome and act as bacterial fitness factors.

Indexed as

Actin CytoskeletonADP Ribose TransferasesAnimalsBacteriophagesBacteroidesBacteroides thetaiotaomicronCaco-2 CellsCell Line, TumorEpithelial CellsFecesFemaleGastrointestinal MicrobiomeGerm-Free LifeHT29 CellsHumansInosineADP Ribose TransferasesInosineMyosin Heavy ChainsADP-ribosylationADP-ribosyltransferasesBacteriophagesBacteroidesbiofilmscytoskeletonfitness factorgut colonizationinosineMicrobiome

Identifiers

PMID34403684
PMCPMC8429246
OpenAlexW3195847308

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.