Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34403628›Full record

ArticleProceedings. Biological sciences2021

Coming together-symbiont acquisition and early development in deep-sea bathymodioline mussels.

Maximilian Franke, Benedikt Geier, Jörg U Hammel, Nicole Dubilier, Nikolaus Leisch

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings. Biological sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed
8.0field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.

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  4. iScience · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Maximilian FrankeMax Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstrasse 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany.
Benedikt GeierMax Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstrasse 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany.
Jörg U HammelHelmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Institute of Materials Physics, Max-Planck-Strasse 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany.
Nicole DubilierMax Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstrasse 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany.
Nikolaus LeischMax Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstrasse 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany.
Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology · DEUniversity of Bremen · DEHelmholtz-Zentrum Hereon · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

How and when symbionts are acquired by their animal hosts has a profound impact on the ecology and evolution of the symbiosis. Understanding symbiont acquisition is particularly challenging in deep-sea organisms because early life stages are so rarely found. Here, we collected early developmental stages of three deep-sea bathymodioline species from different habitats to identify when these acquire their symbionts and how their body plan adapts to a symbiotic lifestyle. These mussels gain their nutrition from chemosynthetic bacteria, allowing them to thrive at deep-sea vents and seeps worldwide. Correlative imaging analyses using synchrotron-radiation based microtomography together with light, fluorescence and electron microscopy revealed that the pediveliger larvae were aposymbiotic. Symbiont colonization began during metamorphosis from a planktonic to a benthic lifestyle, with the symbionts rapidly colonizing first the gills, the symbiotic organ of adults, followed by all other epithelia of their hosts. Once symbiont densities in plantigrades reached those of adults, the host's intestine changed from the looped anatomy typical for bivalves to a straightened form. Within the Mytilidae, this morphological change appears to be specific to

Indexed as

MytilidaeAnimalsBacteriaEcosystemGillsSymbiosisanatomyaposymbioticbivalveshost–microbe interactionmorphologysymbiosis

Identifiers

PMID34403628
PMCPMC8370805
OpenAlexW3195587851

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.