ArticleNucleic acids research2021
Autosomal sex-associated co-methylated regions predict biological sex from DNA methylation.
Article in Nucleic acids research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- DNA methylation profiles at hospital admission are associated with subsequent severe COVID-19 outcomes.Clinical epigenetics · 2026Article
- Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Patterns Predict Age in the Zebra Shark (Stegostoma tigrinum) and Provide Insight Into the Evolution of Vertebrate Aging.Molecular ecology · 2026Article
- Transcriptional mechanisms of sex-biased gene expression and their connections to disease-associated variation.Human molecular genetics · 2026Article
- KDM5C and KDM5D influence DNA methylation in adult mouse liver.Biology of sex differences · 2026Article
- Not all saliva samples are equal: The role of cellular heterogeneity in DNA methylation and epigenetic age analyses with biological and psychosocial factors.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2026Article
- Whole-genome profiling of age- and sex-associated DNA methylation signatures in human plasma cell-free DNA.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Distinct Co-methylation Patterns in African and European Populations and Their Genetic Associations.Genomics, proteomics & bioinformatics · 2025Article
- Biological sex impacts immune cell proportions and epigenetic profiles in the developing pediatric immune system.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Designing Epigenetic Clocks for Wildlife Research.Molecular ecology resources · 2025Review
- Sex differences in DNA methylation in bats.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2025Article
- DNA methylation predicts infection risk in kidney transplant recipients.Life science alliance · 2025Article
- Examining cellular heterogeneity in human DNA methylation studies: Overview and recommendations.STAR protocols · 2025Review
- DNA methylation differences between cord and adult white blood cells reflect postnatal immune cell maturation.Communications biology · 2025Article
- DNA Methylation Associates With Sex-Specific Effects of Experimentally Increased Yolk Testosterone in Wild Nestlings.Molecular ecology · 2025Article
- DNA Methylation of Somatic Tissues in Oysters is Influenced by Sex and Heredity.Marine biotechnology (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Technical variability across the 450K, EPICv1, and EPICv2 DNA methylation arrays: lessons learned for clinical and longitudinal studies.Clinical epigenetics · 2024Article
- Sex-related DNA methylation is associated with inflammation and gene expression in the lungs of healthy individuals.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Genetic variation and pesticide exposure influence blood DNA methylation signatures in females with early-stage Parkinson's disease.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2024Article
- Article
- Pan-primate studies of age and sex.GeroScience · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Sex is a modulator of health that has been historically overlooked in biomedical research. Recognizing this knowledge gap, funding agencies now mandate the inclusion of sex as a biological variable with the goal of stimulating efforts to illuminate the molecular underpinnings of sex biases in health and disease. DNA methylation (DNAm) is a strong molecular candidate for mediating such sex biases; however, a robust and well characterized annotation of sex differences in DNAm is yet to emerge. Beginning with a large (n = 3795) dataset of DNAm profiles from normative adult whole blood samples, we identified, validated and characterized autosomal sex-associated co-methylated genomic regions (sCMRs). Strikingly, sCMRs showed consistent sex differences in DNAm over the life course and a subset were also consistent across cell, tissue and cancer types. sCMRs included sites with known sex differences in DNAm and links to health conditions with sex biased effects. The robustness of sCMRs enabled the generation of an autosomal DNAm-based predictor of sex with 96% accuracy. Testing this tool on blood DNAm profiles from individuals with sex chromosome aneuploidies (Klinefelter [47,XXY], Turner [45,X] and 47,XXX syndrome) revealed an intimate relationship between sex chromosomes and sex-biased autosomal DNAm.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.