Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34403297›Full record

ArticleHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics2021

Effectiveness of booster BCG vaccination in preventing Covid-19 infection.

Lradj Amirlak, Rifat Haddad, John Denis Hardy, Naief Suleiman Khaled, Michael H Chung, Bardia Amirlak

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
33citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.5field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

33 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.

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  5. Efficacy and Safety of BCG Revaccination WithFrontiers in immunology · 2022
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Lradj AmirlakDepartment of Pediatrics, Emirates International Hospital, AL-Ain, United Arab Emirates.
Rifat HaddadDepartment of Otolaryngology, Emirates International Hospital, AL-Ain, United Arab Emirates.
John Denis HardyDepartment of Pediatrics, Emirates International Hospital, AL-Ain, United Arab Emirates.
Naief Suleiman KhaledDepartment of Surgery, Emigrates International Hospital, AL-Ain, United Arab Emirates.
Michael H ChungDepartment of Plastic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
Bardia AmirlakDepartment of Plastic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
Al Ain Hospital · AEThe University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The evidence that BCG (bacille Calmette-Guerin) vaccine may increase the ability of the immune system to fight off pathogens other than tuberculosis has been studied in the past. This nonspecific immunity gained our interest, especially after initial reports of less cases in countries with universal BCG vaccination. In hopes of possible protective immunity, all staff of the Emirates International Hospital (United Arab Emirates) were offered a booster BCG vaccine in early March 2020. All the hospital staff were then tested for Covid-19 infection by the end of June 2020. We divided the subjects into two groups: booster vaccinated versus unvaccinated. The rate of Covid-19 infection was compared between the groups. Criteria included all staff who were offered the vaccine. Seventy-one subjects received the booster vaccination. This group had zero cases of positive COVID 19 infection. Two hundred nine subjects did not receive the vaccination, with 18 positive PCR confirmed COVID 19 cases. The infection rate in the unvaccinated group was 8.6% versus zero in the booster vaccinated group (Fisher's exact test

Indexed as

BCG VaccineCOVID-19HumansImmunity, InnateSARS-CoV-2VaccinationBCG VaccineBCGCOVID-19nonspecific effectstuberculosisvaccine

Identifiers

PMID34403297
PMCPMC8425429
OpenAlexW3193791242

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.