Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34402783›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine2022

Behaviorally and environmentally induced non-24-hour sleep-wake rhythm disorder in sighted patients.

Jonathan S Emens, Melissa A St Hilaire, Elizabeth B Klerman, Daniel J Brotman, Amber L Lin, Alfred J Lewy, Charles A Czeisler

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
2.4field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Confirmatory evidence for circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorder by positive airway pressure therapy adherence data.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2025
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Non-24-hour sleep-wake rhythm disorder not driven by central circadian clock dysregulation: is it not "intrinsic"?Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2022
    Article
  7. Toward a new nosology for non-24-hour sleep-wake rhythm disorder.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2022
    Article
  8. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

Jonathan S EmensVeterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Division of Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, Portland, Oregon.
Melissa A St HilaireDivision of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
Elizabeth B KlermanDivision of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Daniel J BrotmanDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.
Amber L LinSchool of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon.
Alfred J LewyDepartment of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon.
Charles A CzeislerDivision of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
Harvard University · USOregon Health & Science University · USJohns Hopkins Medicine · USMassachusetts General Hospital · USVA Portland Health Care System · US

Funding

OREGON CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE INSTITUTEUL1RR024140 · NCRR · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI ORWOLL, ERIC S. · 2006 to 2011
$61.1M
Zoledronic Acid in Treatment of Osteoporosis in PostmenoM01RR002635 · NCRR · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI GARBER, JUDY E. · 1985 to 2008
$48.4M
TRANSPLANTATION ANALYSIS OF CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS AND AGINGP01AG009975 · NIA · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI QUAN, STUART F. · 1991 to 2018
$23.1M
Sleep Duration Required to Restore Performance during Chronic Sleep RestrictionK24HL105664 · NHLBI · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI KLERMAN, ELIZABETH B. · 2010 to 2019
$1.8M
NCRR NIH HHS M01 RR002635NCRR NIH HHS UL1 RR024140NHLBI NIH HHS K24 HL105664NIA NIH HHS P01 AG009975
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

STUDY

objectivesTo determine whether there was evidence of circadian or sleep-regulatory dysfunction in sighted individuals with non-24-hour sleep-wake rhythm disorder.

methodsThree sighted individuals with signs and/or symptoms of non-24-hour sleep-wake rhythm disorder were studied. Thirty-five- to 332-day laboratory and home-based assessments of sleep-wake and circadian timing, endogenous circadian period, photic input to the circadian pacemaker, and/or circadian and sleep-wake-dependent regulation of sleep were conducted.

resultsNo evidence of circadian dysfunction was found in these individuals. Instead, sleep-wake timing appeared to dissociate from the circadian timing system, and/or self-selected sleep-wake and associated light/dark timing shifted the circadian pacemaker later, rather than the circadian pacemaker determining sleep-wake timing.

conclusionsThese findings suggest that the etiology of this disorder may be light- and/or behaviorally induced in some sighted people, which has implications for the successful treatment of this disorder. CITATION: Emens JS, St Hilaire MA, Klerman EB, et al. Behaviorally and environmentally induced non-24-hour sleep-wake rhythm disorder in sighted patients.

Indexed as

MelatoninSleep Disorders, Circadian RhythmSleep Wake DisordersCircadian RhythmHumansSleepMelatonincircadian rhythmcircadian rhythm sleep disorderslightmelatoninnon–24-hour sleep-wake rhythm disorder

Identifiers

PMID34402783
PMCPMC8805008
OpenAlexW3194130316

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.