ReviewDiabetologia2021
Sleep disorders in people with type 2 diabetes and associated health outcomes: a review of the literature.
Review in Diabetologia, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05609890 (Effect of a Novel Formulation on Sleep Parameters Among People With Poor Sleep Quality), which is not on this map. Cited by 114 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of a Novel Formulation on Sleep Parameters Among People With Poor Sleep Quality: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Who cites it
114 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 186 citations in OpenAlex.
- Z-drug abuse and dependence: clinical guideline of the Brazilian Academy of Neurology for diagnosis and management.Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria · 2025Guideline
- Auricular pressure as an adjuvant treatment for type 2 diabetes: data mining and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Pooled it
- Moderate-intensity continuous exercise preserves sleep quality, while high-intensity intermittent exercise disrupts it in female night-shift healthcare workers.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- The effect of MIND diet on sleep status, mental health, and serum level of BDNF in overweight/obese diabetic women with insomnia: a randomized controlled trial.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Lack of Efficacy of Suvorexant in People with Insomnia and Poorly Controlled Type 2 Diabetes.Nature and science of sleep · 2023Trial
- Sleep Improvement for Metabolic Health: A Feasibility Trial of a Digital Sleep Treatment in People With Insomnia and Non-Diabetic Hyperglycaemia.Journal of sleep research · 2026Article
- Joint Association of Hydration Status and Sleep Quality with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in a Population-Based Study.Nutrients · 2026Article
- The Prognostic Nutritional Index as a Lifeline for Cardiovascular Health in Individuals With Insomnia: A Prospective Cohort Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Bridge symptoms connecting depressive, sleep, and cognitive domains in rural older adults with type 2 diabetes: a symptom network approach.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- Machine learning identification of neuroimaging signatures in young and middle-aged male patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a multimodal MRI study.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2026Article
- An Alternative Aproach of Exercise Prescription for Type 2 Diabetes Control in Time and Space Restrictions.Chronic diseases and translational medicine · 2026Article
- Do insomnia and physical activity mediate the relationship between diabetes and depression in people with type 2 diabetes?Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2026Article
- Experiences of People With Poorly Controlled Type 2 Diabetes Using Telemonitoring: Qualitative Study Embedded in a Feasibility Trial.JMIR formative research · 2026Article
- Association Between Trace Elements and Sleep Duration in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Evidence from a Kurdish Population in Western Iran.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- Role of Sleep Disturbances and Diabetes-Related Distress on Glycemic Control: A Path Analysis.Research in nursing & health · 2026Article
- mHealth Low-Carbohydrate Type 2 Diabetes Intervention Positively Impacts Sleep Quality and Psychosocial Outcomes.International journal of behavioral medicine · 2026Article
- Effects of Aquatic Exercise on Sleep Quality in Patients with Chronic Diseases: A Meta-Analysis.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Association between high-density lipoprotein-related inflammation index and prevalence of sleep disorders with depression as a mediator.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Diabetes and its complications: molecular mechanisms, prevention and treatment.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Association of sleep and glycaemic status with all-cause mortality: a prospective cohort study.Journal of global health · 2026Article
54 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Sleep disorders are linked to development of type 2 diabetes and increase the risk of developing diabetes complications. Treating sleep disorders might therefore play an important role in the prevention of diabetes progression. However, the detection and treatment of sleep disorders are not part of standardised care for people with type 2 diabetes. To highlight the importance of sleep disorders in people with type 2 diabetes, we provide a review of the literature on the prevalence of sleep disorders in type 2 diabetes and the association between sleep disorders and health outcomes, such as glycaemic control, microvascular and macrovascular complications, depression, mortality and quality of life. Additionally, we examine the extent to which treating sleep disorders in people with type 2 diabetes improves these health outcomes. We performed a literature search in PubMed from inception until January 2021, using search terms for sleep disorders, type 2 diabetes, prevalence, treatment and health outcomes. Both observational and experimental studies were included in the review. We found that insomnia (39% [95% CI 34, 44]), obstructive sleep apnoea (55-86%) and restless legs syndrome (8-45%) were more prevalent in people with type 2 diabetes, compared with the general population. No studies reported prevalence rates for circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders, central disorders of hypersomnolence or parasomnias. Additionally, several cross-sectional and prospective studies showed that sleep disorders negatively affect health outcomes in at least one diabetes domain, especially glycaemic control. For example, insomnia is associated with increased HbA
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.