ArticleThe lancet. Healthy longevity2021
Immunogenicity of single vaccination with BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 at 5-6 weeks post vaccine in participants aged 80 years or older: an exploratory analysis.
Article in The lancet. Healthy longevity, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Developing the next-generation of adenoviral vector vaccines.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Review
- Unlocking cancer vaccine potential: What are the key factors?Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Review
- Measurement of IFN-γ and IL-2 for the assessment of the cellular immunity against SARS-CoV-2.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- A quest for universal anti-SARS-CoV-2 T cell assay: systematic review, meta-analysis, and experimental validation.NPJ vaccines · 2024Article
- Clonal structure and the specificity of vaccine-induced T cell response to SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Central nervous system immune-related disorders after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination: a multicenter study.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Performance Evaluation of Three Antibody Binding Assays, a Neutralizing Antibody Assay, and an Interferon-Gamma Release Assay for SARS-CoV-2 According to Vaccine Type in Vaccinated Group.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Validation of dried blood spot sampling for detecting SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and total immunoglobulins in a large cohort of asymptomatic young adults.Journal of immunological methods · 2023Article
- Differential T-cell and antibody responses induced by mRNA versus adenoviral vectored COVID-19 vaccines in patients with immunodeficiencies.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. Global · 2023Article
- Opposite Effects of mRNA-Based and Adenovirus-Vectored SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines on Regulatory T Cells: A Pilot Study.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Attenuated humoral responses in HIV after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination linked to B cell defects and altered immune profiles.iScience · 2023Article
- Detailed characterization of SARS-CoV-2-specific T and B cells after infection or heterologous vaccination.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Durability of humoral and cell-mediated immune response after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine administration.Journal of medical virology · 2023Article
- Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Anti-Spike Antibody Levels Following Second Dose of ChAdOx1 nCov-19 or BNT162b2 Vaccine in Residents of Long-term Care Facilities in England (VIVALDI).The Journal of infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Article
- The bullwhip effect, T-cell telomeres, and SARS-CoV-2.The lancet. Healthy longevity · 2022Review
- Vaccine subtype and dose interval determine immunogenicity of primary series COVID-19 vaccines in older people.Cell reports. Medicine · 2022Article
- Sero-survey on long-term care facility residents reveals increased risk of sub-optimal antibody response to BNT162b2: implications for breakthrough prevention.BMC geriatrics · 2022Article
- The T cell immune response against SARS-CoV-2.Nature immunology · 2022Review
- Extended interval BNT162b2 vaccination enhances peak antibody generation.NPJ vaccines · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIn several countries, extended interval COVID-19 vaccination regimens are now used to accelerate population coverage, but the relative immunogenicity of different vaccines in older people remains uncertain. In this study we aimed to assess the antibody and cellular responses of older people after a single dose of either the BNT162b2 vaccine (tozinameran; Pfizer-BioNTech) or ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (Oxford University-AstraZeneca).
methodsParticipants aged 80 years or older, who did not live in a residential or care home or require assisted living, and had received a single dose of either the BNT162b2 vaccine or ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine were eligible to participate. Participants were recruited through local primary care networks in the West Midlands, UK. Blood samples and dried blood spots were taken 5-6 weeks after vaccination to assess adaptive immune responses using Elecsys electrochemiluminescence immunoassay and cellular responses by ELISpot. Primary endpoints were percentage response and quantification of adaptive immunity.
findingsBetween Dec 29, 2020, and Feb 28, 2021, 165 participants were recruited and included in the analysis. 76 participants had received BNT162b2 (median age 84 years, IQR 82-89; range 80-98) and 89 had received ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (median age 84 years, 81-87; 80-99). Antibody responses against the spike protein were detectable in 69 (93%) of 74 BNT162b2 vaccine recipients and 77 (87%) of 89 ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine recipients. Median antibody titres were of 19·3 U/mL (7·4-79·4) in the BNT162b2 vaccine recipients and 19·6 U/mL (6·1-60·0) in the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine recipients (p=0·41). Spike protein-specific T-cell responses were observed in nine (12%) of 73 BNT162b2 vaccine recipients and 27 (31%) of 88 ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine recipients, and median responses were three-times higher in ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine recipients (24 spots per 1 × 10
interpretationSingle doses of either BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 in older people induces humoral immunity in most participants, and is markedly enhanced by previous infection. Cellular responses were weaker, but showed enhancement after the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine at the 5-6 week timepoint.
fundingMedical Research Council, National Institute for Health Research, and National Core Studies.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.