ArticleToxicon: X2021
Addressing the global snakebite crisis with geo-spatial analyses - Recent advances and future direction.
Article in Toxicon: X, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06808789 (Mapping Snakebite Risk in Ghana and Rwanda), which is not on this map. Cited by 28 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Mapping Snakebite Risk in Ghana and Rwanda: Using Primary Data Collection and Geostatistical Techniques to Develop an Approach to Risk Estimation for Snakebite
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of incidence and spatiotemporal trends of snakebites in Iran.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Pooled it
- A systematic review of variables associated with snakebite risk in spatial and temporal analyses.Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · 2025Pooled it
- Strengthening public health programmes and the antivenom ecosystem: strategic policy priorities to combat envenomation by animal bites and stings in Latin America and the Caribbean.Journal of global health · 2026Article
- Persistent spatial hotspots and socioeconomic inequalities of snakebite envenoming in Peru: A nationwide spatiotemporal analysis, 2010-2025.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Climate change induced complex shifts in snake distributions expose people to snakebite and threaten biodiversity.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Nationwide variation of snakebite incidence in Kenya: Community surveys as an integrated NTD approach.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Article
- Causal inference unveils how forest coverage mitigates excess snakebite cases during rainfall seasons in Colombia.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Future of snakebite risk in India: Consequence of climate change and the shifting habitats of the big four species in next five decades.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Utilising snake rescue data to understand snake-human conflict in Hooghly, West Bengal, India.Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · 2025Article
- Venomics of the Arabian saw-scaled viper (Echis coloratus) through transcriptome-guided proteomics and in vitro functional profiling.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Applying Ensemble Ecological Niche Modeling to Identify High Risk Areas for Scorpions' Sting.Ecology and evolution · 2025Article
- The incidence of snakebite in South Africa and the challenges associated with lack of reporting.Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · 2025Article
- Glycopolymer-Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles for the Detection of Western Diamondback Rattlesnake (Biomacromolecules · 2025Article
- Conflict between sea snakes and humans on the coast of West Bengal and Odisha, India: perception, attitudes and incidents.Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · 2025Article
- The biology and toxinology of blunt-nosed vipers.npj biodiversity · 2025Review
- The epidemiology of snakebites, treatment-seeking behaviour, and snakebite management in the department of Ogooué et des Lacs, Gabon, Central Africa: a cross-sectional community and health facility-based survey.Journal of global health · 2025Article
- A database on the historical and current occurrences of snakes in Eswatini.Database : the journal of biological databases and curation · 2025Article
- Association Between Deforestation and the Incidence of Snakebites in South Korea.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- A Guide to the Clinical Management ofToxins · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 7 institutions in 7 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Venomous snakebite is a neglected tropical disease that annually leads to hundreds of thousands of deaths or long-term physical and mental ailments across the developing world. Insufficient data on spatial variation in snakebite risk, incidence, human vulnerability, and accessibility of medical treatment contribute substantially to ineffective on-ground management. There is an urgent need to collect data, fill knowledge gaps and address on-ground management problems. The use of novel, and transdisciplinary approaches that take advantage of recent advances in spatio-temporal models, 'big data', high performance computing, and fine-scale spatial information can add value to snakebite management by strategically improving our understanding and mitigation capacity of snakebite. We review the background and recent advances on the topic of snakebite related geospatial analyses and suggest avenues for priority research that will have practical on-ground applications for snakebite management and mitigation. These include streamlined, targeted data collection on snake distributions, snakebites, envenomings, venom composition, health infrastructure, and antivenom accessibility along with fine-scale models of spatio-temporal variation in snakebite risk and incidence, intraspecific venom variation, and environmental change modifying human exposure. These measures could improve and 'future-proof' antivenom production methods, antivenom distribution and stockpiling systems, and human-wildlife conflict management practices, while simultaneously feeding into research on venom evolution, snake taxonomy, ecology, biogeography, and conservation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.