Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34401220›Full record

ArticlePreventive medicine reports2021

Barriers to utilization of three colorectal cancer screening options - Data from a national survey.

Xuan Zhu, Philip D Parks, Emily Weiser, Debra J Jacobson, Paul J Limburg, Lila J Finney Rutten

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Preventive medicine reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
31citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
2.9field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

31 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.

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  13. Shared Decision Making in Colorectal Cancer Screening: A Scoping Review.Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine : JABFM · 2025
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  16. Colorectal cancer screening barriers, facilitators, and promotion recommendations by Alaska Native people who are non-adherent to colorectal cancer screening.The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Xuan ZhuMayo Clinic Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Healthcare Delivery, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Philip D ParksExact Sciences Corporation, 441 Charmany Drive, Madison, WI 53719, USA.
Emily WeiserExact Sciences Corporation, 441 Charmany Drive, Madison, WI 53719, USA.
Debra J JacobsonDivision of Clinical Trials and Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Paul J LimburgDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Lila J Finney RuttenDivision of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Mayo Clinic · USExact Sciences (United States) · USMayo Clinic in Arizona · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening continues to be underutilized in the United States. A better understanding of existing barriers is critical for improving uptake of, and adherence to, CRC screening. Using data from a population-based panel survey, we examined barriers to utilization of three commonly used screening options (FIT/gFOBT, mt-sDNA, and screening colonoscopy) and assessed differences by socio-demographic characteristics, healthcare access, and health status. Data were obtained from a questionnaire developed by the authors and implemented through a U.S. national panel survey conducted in November 2019. Among 5,097 invited panelists, 1,595 completed the survey (31.3%). Analyses were focused on individuals ages 50-75 at average risk for CRC. Results showed that among respondents who reported no prior CRC screening with FIT/gFOBT, mt-sDNA, or colonoscopy, the top barriers were lack of knowledge (FIT/gFOBT: 42.1%, mt-sDNA: 44.9%, colonoscopy: 34.7%), lack of provider recommendation (FIT/gFOBT: 32.1%, mt-sDNA: 27.3%, colonoscopy: 18.6%), and suboptimal access (FIT/gFOBT: 20.8%, mt-sDNA: 17.8%, colonoscopy: 26%). Among participants who had used one or two of the screening options, the top barriers to FIT/gFOBT and mt-sDNA were lack of provider recommendation (31.6% & 37.5%) and lack of knowledge (24.6% & 25.6%), while for colonoscopy top barriers were psychosocial barriers (31%) and lack of provider recommendation (22.7%). Differences by sex, race/ethnicity, income level, and health status were observed. Our research identified primary barriers to the utilization of three endorsed CRC screening options and differences by patient characteristics, highlighting the importance of improving CRC screening education and considering patient preferences in screening recommendations.

Indexed as

Barriers to cancer screening utilizationColorectal cancer screeningCRC, colorectal cancerFIT/gFOBTFIT/gFOBT, fecal immunochemical test/guaiac-based fecal occult blood testmt-sDNAmt-sDNA, multi-target stool DNAScreening colonoscopy

Identifiers

PMID34401220
PMCPMC8350367
OpenAlexW3191358677

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.