Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34400805›Full record

ReviewThe Journal of antibiotics2021

Rifamycin antibiotics and the mechanisms of their failure.

Rebekah A Adams, Gabrielle Leon, Natalia M Miller, Saira P Reyes, Chantal H Thantrong, Alina M Thokkadam, Annabel S Lemma, Darshan M Sivaloganathan, Xuanqing Wan, Mark P Brynildsen

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in The Journal of antibiotics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
33citing papers in PubMed
3.2field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

33 citing papers in PubMed, 64 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Evolution and evolvability of rifampicin resistance across the bacterial tree of life.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  9. Development and hepatotoxicity of rifamycin derivatives.Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology · 2025
    Review
  10. Emerging antibiotic resistance by various novel proteins/enzymes.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2025
    Review
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
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  19. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Rebekah A Adams *Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
Gabrielle Leon *Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
Natalia M Miller *Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
Saira P Reyes *Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
Chantal H Thantrong *Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
Alina M Thokkadam *Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
Annabel S LemmaDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
Darshan M SivaloganathanProgram in Quantitative and Computational Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
Xuanqing WanDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
Mark P BrynildsenDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA. mbrynild@princeton.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5707-8894
Princeton University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Rifamycins are a class of antibiotics that were first discovered in 1957 and are known for their use in treating tuberculosis (TB). Rifamycins exhibit bactericidal activity against many Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria by inhibiting RNA polymerase (RNAP); however, resistance is prevalent and the mechanisms range from primary target modification and antibiotic inactivation to cytoplasmic exclusion. Further, phenotypic resistance, in which only a subpopulation of bacteria grow in concentrations exceeding their minimum inhibitory concentration, and tolerance, which is characterized by reduced rates of bacterial cell death, have been identified as additional causes of rifamycin failure. Here we summarize current understanding and recent developments regarding this critical antibiotic class.

Indexed as

AnimalsAntibiotics, AntitubercularDrug Resistance, MicrobialHumansMycobacterium tuberculosisRifamycinsTreatment FailureTuberculosisAntibiotics, AntitubercularRifamycins

Identifiers

PMID34400805
OpenAlexW3196265058

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.