ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2021
1.36 million years of Mediterranean forest refugium dynamics in response to glacial-interglacial cycle strength.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Insolation-driven northern Atlantic westerly wind patterns shaped the mid-Pleistocene transition in three phases.Nature communications · 2026Article
- The Late Quaternary climate impact on the genome of the woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca), a perennial herb.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Three-and-a-half million years of Tibetan Plateau vegetation dynamics in response to climate change.Nature ecology & evolution · 2025Article
- Paleofire activity at Lake Ohrid (Eastern Mediterranean region) during MIS 12-11.Data in brief · 2025Article
- Atmospheric CONature communications · 2023Article
- The PaleoJump database for abrupt transitions in past climates.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Genomic evidence of speciation by fusion in a recent radiation of grasshoppers.Evolution; international journal of organic evolution · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
16 authors.
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Abstract
The sediment record from Lake Ohrid (Southwestern Balkans) represents the longest continuous lake archive in Europe, extending back to 1.36 Ma. We reconstruct the vegetation history based on pollen analysis of the DEEP core to reveal changes in vegetation cover and forest diversity during glacial-interglacial (G-IG) cycles and early basin development. The earliest lake phase saw a significantly different composition rich in relict tree taxa and few herbs. Subsequent establishment of a permanent steppic herb association around 1.2 Ma implies a threshold response to changes in moisture availability and temperature and gradual adjustment of the basin morphology. A change in the character of G-IG cycles during the Early-Middle Pleistocene Transition is reflected in the record by reorganization of the vegetation from obliquity- to eccentricity-paced cycles. Based on a quantitative analysis of tree taxa richness, the first large-scale decline in tree diversity occurred around 0.94 Ma. Subsequent variations in tree richness were largely driven by the amplitude and duration of G-IG cycles. Significant tree richness declines occurred in periods with abundant dry herb associations, pointing to aridity affecting tree population survival. Assessment of long-term legacy effects between global climate and regional vegetation change reveals a significant influence of cool interglacial conditions on subsequent glacial vegetation composition and diversity. This effect is contrary to observations at high latitudes, where glacial intensity is known to control subsequent interglacial vegetation, and the evidence demonstrates that the Lake Ohrid catchment functioned as a refugium for both thermophilous and temperate tree species.
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