Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34400459›Full record

ReviewBMJ open2021

Factors affecting healthcare workers' compliance with social and behavioural infection control measures during emerging infectious disease outbreaks: rapid evidence review.

Samantha K Brooks, N Greenberg, Simon Wessely, G J Rubin

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in BMJ open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
56citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
11.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

56 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 100 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. Article
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  6. Methicillin-ResistantMicroorganisms · 2026
    Review
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  10. Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz · 2025
    Article
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  18. Study on Knowledge of Infection Control Practice of Healthcare Workers.Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences · 2024
    Article
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  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Samantha K BrooksDepartment of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, London, UK samantha.k.brooks@kcl.ac.uk.ORCID 0000-0003-3884-3583
N GreenbergDepartment of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
Simon WesselyDepartment of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-6743-9929
G J RubinDepartment of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
King's College London · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe 2019-2020 outbreak of novel coronavirus has raised concerns about nosocomial transmission. This review's aim was to explore the existing literature on emerging infectious disease outbreaks to identify factors associated with compliance with infection control measures among healthcare staff.

methodsA rapid evidence review for primary studies relevant to healthcare workers' compliance with infection control measures.

resultsFifty-six papers were reviewed. Staff working in emergency or intensive care settings or with contact with confirmed cases appeared more likely to comply with recommendations. There was some evidence that anxiety and concern about the risk of infection were more associated with compliance, and that monitoring from superiors could improve compliance. Observed non-compliance of colleagues could hinder compliance. Staff identified many barriers to compliance related to personal protective equipment, including availability, perceived difficulty and effectiveness, inconvenience, discomfort and a negative impact on patient care. There were many issues regarding the communication and ease of understanding of infection control guidance.

conclusionWe recommend provision of training and education tailored for different occupational roles within the healthcare setting, managerial staff 'leading by example', ensuring adequate resources for infection control and timely provision of practical evidence-based infection control guidelines.

Indexed as

COVID-19Disease OutbreaksHealth PersonnelHumansInfection ControlSARS-CoV-2COVID-19infection controlpublic health

Identifiers

PMID34400459
PMCPMC8370838
OpenAlexW3194511110

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.