SynthesisEuropean spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society2021
Prognostic scores for survival as decisional support for surgery in spinal metastases: a performance assessment systematic review.
Synthesis in European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Prognostic analysis of percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) combined withWorld journal of surgical oncology · 2023Trial
- Evolution of Surgical Outcomes in Spinal Metastases from Solid Tumors: A Comparative Analysis over 2 Decades.Revista brasileira de ortopedia · 2026Article
- [Evolution of Surgical Outcomes in Spinal Metastases from Solid Tumors: A Comparative Analysis over 2 Decades].Revista brasileira de ortopedia · 2026Article
- Prospective external validation of a three-predictor frailty model for 90-day survival and complications following spinal metastasis surgery.Journal of bone oncology · 2026Article
- Predictive modeling for metastasis in oncology: current methods and future directions.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Review
- Outcome prediction, quality of life, and life expectancy in metastatic spine tumors: WFNS spine committee recommendation.Neurosurgical review · 2025Review
- Predictive Modeling for Spinal Metastatic Disease.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Risk Factors for Poor Outcome after Palliative Surgery for Metastatic Spinal Tumors.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Validation of Traditional Prognosis Scoring Systems and Skeletal Oncology Research Group Nomogram for Predicting Survival of Spinal Metastasis Patients Undergoing Surgery.Clinics in orthopedic surgery · 2022Article
- The predictive ability of routinely collected laboratory markers for surgically treated spinal metastases: a retrospective single institution study.BMC cancer · 2022Article
- Prolonged durability of extensive contiguous spinal metastasis stabilization in non-small cell lung cancer patients receiving targeted therapy: two case reports and a literature review.The Journal of international medical research · 2022Review
- The Palliative Care in the Metastatic Spinal Tumors. A Systematic Review on the Radiotherapy and Surgical Perspective.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Spinal metastasis: narrative reviews of the current evidence and treatment modalities.The Journal of international medical research · 2022Review
- Ten Years After SINS: Role of Surgery and Radiotherapy in the Management of Patients With Vertebral Metastases.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo review the evidence on the relative prognostic performance of the available prognostic scores for survival in spinal metastatic surgery in order to provide a recommendation for use in clinical practice.
methodsA systematic review of comparative external validation studies assessing the performance of prognostic scores for survival in independent cohorts was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines. Eligible studies were identified through Medline and Embase until May 2021. Studies were included when they compared at least four survival scoring systems in surgical or mixed cohorts across all primary tumor types. Predictive performance was assessed based on discrimination and calibration for 3-month, 1-year and overall survival, and generalizability was assessed based on the characteristics of the development cohort and external validation cohorts. Risk of bias and concern regarding applicability were assessed based on the 'Prediction model study Risk Of Bias Assessment Tool' (PROBAST).
resultsTwelve studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and covered 17 scoring systems across 5.130 patients. Several scores suffer from suboptimal development and validation. The SORG Nomogram, developed in a large surgical cohort, showed good discrimination on 3-month and 1-year survival, good calibration and was superior in direct comparison with low risk of bias and low concern regarding applicability. Machine learning algorithms are promising as they perform equally well in direct comparison. Tokuhashi, Tomita and other traditional risk scores showed suboptimal performance.
conclusionThe SORG Nomogram and machine learning algorithms outline superior performance in survival prediction for surgery in spinal metastases. Further improvement by comparative validation in large multicenter, prospective cohorts can still be obtained. Given the heterogeneity of spinal metastases, superior methodology of development and validation is key in improving future machine learning systems.
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