Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34398332›Full record

ArticleWorld journal of microbiology & biotechnology2021

Cholic acid: a novel steroidal uncompetitive inhibitor against β-lactamase produced by multidrug-resistant isolates.

Syarifah Ab Rashid, Norhaswanie Norman, Siew Hway Teo, Woei Yenn Tong, Chean Ring Leong, Wen-Nee Tan, Mohd Azizan Mohd Noor

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in World journal of microbiology & biotechnology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
0.4field-weighted citation impact, top 51% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Syarifah Ab RashidUniversiti Kuala Lumpur, Branch Campus Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology, Lot 1988 Kawasan Perindustrian Bandar Vendor, Taboh Naning, 78000, Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia.
Norhaswanie NormanUniversiti Kuala Lumpur, Branch Campus Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology, Lot 1988 Kawasan Perindustrian Bandar Vendor, Taboh Naning, 78000, Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia.
Siew Hway TeoUniversiti Kuala Lumpur, Branch Campus Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology, Lot 1988 Kawasan Perindustrian Bandar Vendor, Taboh Naning, 78000, Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia.
Woei Yenn TongUniversiti Kuala Lumpur, Branch Campus Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology, Lot 1988 Kawasan Perindustrian Bandar Vendor, Taboh Naning, 78000, Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia. wytong@unikl.edu.my.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8697-6885
Chean Ring LeongUniversiti Kuala Lumpur, Branch Campus Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology, Lot 1988 Kawasan Perindustrian Bandar Vendor, Taboh Naning, 78000, Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia.
Wen-Nee TanChemistry Section, School of Distance Education, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
Mohd Azizan Mohd NoorUniversiti Kuala Lumpur, Branch Campus Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology, Lot 1988 Kawasan Perindustrian Bandar Vendor, Taboh Naning, 78000, Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia.
University of Kuala Lumpur · MYUniversiti Sains Malaysia · MY

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

β-lactam antibiotics are the most frequently prescribed class of drugs worldwide, due to its efficacy and good safety profile. However, the emergence of β-lactamase producing bacterial strains eliminated the use of β-lactam antibiotics as a chemotherapeutic choice. To restore their usability, a non-antibiotic adjuvant in conjunction with β-lactam antibiotics is now being utilised. Cholic acid potentially acts as an adjuvant since it can blunt the pro-inflammatory activity in human. Our main objective is to scrutinise the inhibition of β-lactamase-producing bacteria by adjuvant cholic acid, synergism of the test drugs and the primary mechanism of enzymatic reaction. Antibacterial effect of the cholic acid-ampicillin (CA-AMP) on 7 β-lactamase positive isolates were evaluated accordingly to disc diffusion assay, antibiotic susceptibility test, as well as checkerboard analysis. Then, all activities were compared with ampicillin alone, penicillin alone, cholic acid alone and cholic acid-penicillin combination. The CA-AMP displayed notable antibiotic activity on all test bacteria and depicted synergistic influence by representing low fractional inhibitory concentration index (FIC ≤ 0.5). According to kinetic analyses, CA-AMP behaved as an uncompetitive inhibitor against beta lactamase, with reducing values of Michaelis constant (K

Indexed as

Ampicillinbeta-Lactamase Inhibitorsbeta-LactamasesCholic AcidDrug Resistance, Multiple, BacterialDrug SynergismGene Expression Regulation, BacterialGene Expression Regulation, EnzymologicGram-Negative BacteriaGram-Positive BacteriaMicrobial Sensitivity TestsMicrobial ViabilityPenicillinsAmpicillinbeta-Lactamase Inhibitorsbeta-LactamasesCholic AcidPenicillinsAdjuvantAmpicillinAntibioticCholic acidUncompetitive inhibitor

Identifiers

PMID34398332
OpenAlexW3194658057

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.