ArticleAnnals of LGBTQ public and population health2021
Differential Effects of State Policy Environments on Substance Use by Sexual Identity: Findings From the 2000-2015 National Alcohol Surveys.
Article in Annals of LGBTQ public and population health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- The association between macro-level structural discrimination and alcohol outcomes: A systematic review.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2025Pooled it
- Does the approach used to measure sexual identity affect estimates of health disparities differently by race? A randomized experiment from the National Survey of Family Growth.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2024Trial
- A Longitudinal Investigation of Sexual Minority Stress, Community Connectedness, and Alcohol use and Problems among Sexual Minority Young Adults.Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs · 2026Article
- Differences in Substance Use and Mental Health by Sexual Identity Among U.S. Adolescents and Young Adults.LGBT health · 2026Article
- Associations of Sexual Orientation and Sexual Orientation-Related State Policy Environments With Smoking and Lung Cancer Screening Outcomes Among US Adults.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Article
- Support for Alcohol Control Policies Among US Alcohol Consumers.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Estimating substance use disparities across intersectional social positions using machine learning: An application of group-lasso interaction network.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2025Article
- Associations of sexual orientation and state-level antidiscrimination policy protections with alcohol, tobacco, and mental health outcomes in a U.S. sample of adolescents and adults.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2025Article
- Sexualized drug use factors among rural sexual minority men.The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association · 2025Article
- Are the Effects of Poor Survey Measurement of Sexual Identity on Estimated Associations between Sexual Identity and Health-Related Measures Moderated by the State-Level Policy Environment?Journal of homosexuality · 2025Article
- Minority stress mediates associations of sexual minority state policies and tobacco use among US sexual minority young adults.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2024Article
- The socioecology of sexual minority stigma: Advancing theory on stigma-based mechanisms underlying sexual orientation-based disparities in health.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2024Article
- Syndemic conditions associated with hazardous alcohol consumption among sexual minority men in San Francisco.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2024Article
- Cannabis Use Differences Among Sexual Minority Versus Heterosexual Females and Males in Oklahoma: The Roles of Mental Health, Cannabis Perceptions, and Cannabis Marketing Exposure.Substance use & addiction journal · 2024Article
- How a "Something Else" Response Option for Sexual Identity Affects National Survey Estimates of Associations Between Sexual Identity, Reproductive Health, and Substance Use.Archives of sexual behavior · 2024Article
- Structural Stigma, Racism, and Sexism Studies on Substance Use and Mental Health: A Review of Measures and Designs.Alcohol research : current reviews · 2024Review
- Oppression-Based Stress and Alcohol Inequities Among Sexual and Gender Minority People: An Intersectional Multilevel Framework.Alcohol research : current reviews · 2024Review
- Structural stigma and alcohol use among sexual and gender minority adults: A systematic review.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2023Article
- A Review of Disparities in Cannabis Use and Cannabis Use Disorder Affecting Sexual and Gender Minority Populations and Evidence for Contributing Factors.Current addiction reports · 2022Article
- Impact of the policy environment on substance use among sexual minority women.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionThis study explored whether structural stigma, defined by U.S. state policies related to sexual minority rights, moderated the relationship between sexual identity identity and heavy drinking, alcohol problems, and marijuana use among men and women.
methodsUsing combined data from the National Alcohol Survey (NAS) series (2000, 2005, 2010, and 2015), the sample included 11,115 men (421 sexual minority and 10,694 heterosexual) and 14,395 women (413 sexual minority and 13,982 heterosexual). State policy environment was assessed using a time-varying dichotomous indicator of comprehensive protections for sexual minorities (4-6 protections vs. limited or no protections). Gender-stratified logistic regression analyses examined the differential effect of the policy environment by sexual identity on three past-year substance use outcomes: high-intensity drinking (8+ drinks/day), any DSM-5 alcohol use disorder, and marijuana use.
resultsAmong women, sexual minority status was associated with increased odds of all alcohol and marijuana use outcomes. Among men, sexual minority status was associated with decreased odds of high-intensity drinking but increased use of marijuana. Comprehensive policy protections were associated significantly decreased odds of high-intensity drinking among sexual minority men and marginally significant decreases among women.
conclusionsComprehensive policy protections appear to be protective for high-intensity drinking among sexual minority men and women. Findings underscore the importance of supportive policies in reducing risk of alcohol-related problems among sexual minorities.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.