Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34396360›Full record

ArticleThe Lancet regional health. Europe2021

Prevalence of RT-qPCR-detected SARS-CoV-2 infection at schools: First results from the Austrian School-SARS-CoV-2 prospective cohort study.

Peter Willeit, Robert Krause, Bernd Lamprecht, Andrea Berghold, Buck Hanson, Evelyn Stelzl, Heribert Stoiber, Johannes Zuber, Robert Heinen, Alwin Köhler and 8 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Lancet regional health. Europe, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Performance of saline and water gargling for SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcriptase PCR testing: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2022
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  15. COVID in Pediatric Age: an opinion paper.Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2022
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Peter WilleitClinical Epidemiology Team, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
Robert KrauseSection of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria and BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria.
Bernd LamprechtDepartment of Pulmonology, Faculty of Medicine, Kepler-University-Hospital, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria.
Andrea BergholdInstitute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Buck HansonCentre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Evelyn StelzlDiagnostic and Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Heribert StoiberInstitute of Virology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
Johannes ZuberVienna Covid-19 Detection Initiative, Vienna, Austria.
Robert HeinenVienna Covid-19 Detection Initiative, Vienna, Austria.
Alwin KöhlerVienna Covid-19 Detection Initiative, Vienna, Austria.
David BernhardCenter for Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria.
Wegene BorenaInstitute of Virology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
Christian DopplerCenter for Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria.
Dorothee von LaerInstitute of Virology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
Hannes SchmidtCentre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Johannes PröllCenter for Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria.
Ivo SteinmetzDiagnostic and Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Michael WagnerCentre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe role of schools in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is much debated. We aimed to quantify reliably the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infections at schools detected with reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-qPCR).

methodsThis nationwide prospective cohort study monitors a representative sample of pupils (grade 1-8) and teachers at Austrian schools throughout the school year 2020/2021. We repeatedly test participants for SARS-CoV-2 infection using a gargling solution and RT-qPCR. We herein report on the first two rounds of examinations. We used mixed-effects logistic regression to estimate odds ratios and robust 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).

findingsWe analysed data on 10,734 participants from 245 schools (9465 pupils, 1269 teachers). Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection increased from 0·39% at round 1 (95% CI 028-0·55%, 28 September-22 October 2020) to 1·39% at round 2 (95% CI 1·04-1·85%, 10-16 November). Odds ratios for SARS-CoV-2 infection were 2·26 (95% CI 1·25-4·12,

interpretationThis monitoring study in Austrian schools revealed SARS-CoV-2 infection in 0·39%-1·39% of participants and identified associations of regional community incidence and social deprivation with higher prevalence.

fundingBMBWF Austria.

Identifiers

PMID34396360
PMCPMC8350968

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.