Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34395708›Full record

ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2021

Death From Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis After Recreational Water Exposure During Recent Travel to India-Santa Clara County, California, 2020.

Glenn R Harris, Ellora N Karmarkar, Rebecca Quenelle, Lyndsey Chaille, Jai Madhok, Vivian Tien, Jyoti Gupta, Seema Jain, Maria Liu, Shantanu Roy and 4 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Global Review onInfectious disease reports · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. The First Molecular Genotyping ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Glenn R HarrisSanta Clara Valley Medical Center, San Jose, California, USA.
Ellora N KarmarkarEpidemic Intelligence Service, Division of Scientific Education and Professional Development, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Rebecca QuenelleCounty of Santa Clara Public Health Department, San Jose, California, USA.
Lyndsey ChailleCalifornia Department of Public Health, Richmond, California, USA.
Jai MadhokStanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Vivian TienDivision of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Jyoti GuptaSanta Clara Valley Medical Center, San Jose, California, USA.
Seema JainCalifornia Department of Public Health, Richmond, California, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6342-8288
Maria LiuCalifornia Department of Public Health, Richmond, California, USA.
Shantanu RoyWaterborne Disease Prevention Branch, Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Supriya NarasimhanSanta Clara Valley Medical Center, San Jose, California, USA.
Akiko KimuraCalifornia Department of Public Health, Richmond, California, USA.
Jennifer R CopeWaterborne Disease Prevention Branch, Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Ibne Karim M AliWaterborne Disease Prevention Branch, Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIn February 2020, a man returned to the United States after an 11-day trip to India and died of primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM), caused by nasal exposure to the free-living ameba

methodsWe reviewed medical records to describe his clinical course and interviewed his family to determine water exposures. Genotyping was performed on the

resultsThe patient became acutely encephalopathic 3 days after returning; the only known nasal water exposure was at an indoor swimming pool in India 5 days earlier. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) testing demonstrated neutrophil-predominant pleocytosis and low glucose, but negative gram stain and culture. CSF microscopy revealed trophozoites;

conclusionsA man died from PAM after likely exposure at a vacation rental pool in India. We recommend including PAM in the differential diagnosis when CSF studies suggest bacterial meningitis but gram stain is negative. Genotyping can advance our understanding of

Indexed as

fever in returning travelerfree-living amebainternational travelNaegleria fowleriprimary amebic meningoencephalitis

Identifiers

PMID34395708
PMCPMC8360241

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.