ArticleFrontiers in oncology2021
Digital Pathology Scoring of Immunohistochemical Staining Reliably Identifies Prognostic Markers and Anatomical Associations in a Large Cohort of Oral Cancers.
Article in Frontiers in oncology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prognostic and Clinicopathological Significance of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Expression in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Quantitative digital pathology reveals morphological and molecular correlates of tumor aggressiveness in prostate cancer.International urology and nephrology · 2026Article
- Immunohistochemistry for Skin Cancers: A Comprehensive Approach to the Diagnosis of Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Cancers · 2025Review
- Current AI Applications and Challenges in Oral Pathology.Oral (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- Prognostic biomarkers in oral squamous cell carcinoma: current evidence and future directions.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Prognostic relevance of high expression of kynurenine pathway markers in glioblastoma.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Infiltration of CD3+ and CD8+ lymphocytes in association with inflammation and survival in pancreatic cancer.PloS one · 2024Article
- Dynamic Up-Regulation of PD-L1 in the Progression of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Utilizing digital pathology algorithms for the objective quantification of immunohistochemical staining, this study aimed to identify robust prognostic biomarkers for oral cancer. Tissue microarrays with specimens of a large cohort of oral squamous cell carcinoma (n=222) were immunohistochemically stained to determine the expression of PD-L1, EGFR, and COX-2 and the amount of infiltrating NK cells and CD8-positive T cells. Immunoreactivity scores were assessed using both a classical manual scoring procedure and a digital semi-automatic approach using QuPath. Digital scoring was successful in quantifying the expression levels of different prognostic biomarkers (CD8: p<0.001; NK cells: p=0.002, PD-L1: p=0.026) and high levels of concordance with manual scoring results were observed. A combined score integrating EGFR expression, neck node status and immune cell signatures with a significant impact on overall and progression-free survival was identified (p<0.001). These data may contribute to the ongoing research on the identification of reliable and clinically relevant biomarkers for the individualization of primary and adjuvant treatment in oral cancer.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.