Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34393933›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in psychology2021

Personal Identity After an Autism Diagnosis: Relationships With Self-Esteem, Mental Wellbeing, and Diagnostic Timing.

Kirsten Corden, Rebecca Brewer, Eilidh Cage

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. "Autism Diagnosis as a Guide": Taiwanese Adolescents' Own Experiences of Receiving Autism Diagnoses.Autism : the international journal of research and practice · 2026
    Article
  5. Grief, Relief, and Belief: A Social Media Study on Late Identification of Neurodivergence.Autism : the international journal of research and practice · 2026
    Article
  6. A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of the Autism Mentorship Program.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026
    Article
  7. Autistic Adults and Loved Ones' Experiences of a Later Life Diagnosis.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Kirsten CordenDepartment of Psychology, School of Life Sciences and the Environment, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, United Kingdom.
Rebecca BrewerDepartment of Psychology, School of Life Sciences and the Environment, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, United Kingdom.
Eilidh CageDepartment of Psychology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Adults are increasingly seeking autism diagnoses, although less is known about their experiences of diagnosis and personal identity (i.e., autism as part of "me"), and how this relates to self-esteem and wellbeing. One-hundred and fifty-one autistic adults completed an online survey including measures of self-esteem, psychological wellbeing, and autistic personal identity, which considered whether participants took pride in or were dissatisfied with being autistic. Fifty-four participants answered a qualitative question about the impact of receiving an autism diagnosis on their sense of self. Regression analyses found that greater time elapsed since diagnosis related to less dissatisfaction with autistic personal identity. We also found that more dissatisfaction with autistic personal identity predicted lower self-esteem, and more autism pride predicted higher self-esteem. Content analysis of participants' experiences supported the quantitative findings and was suggestive of an emotive post-diagnostic adjustment process. Future research should aim to identify ways to promote the development of a positive autistic personal identity post-diagnosis in adulthood.

Indexed as

autism diagnosisautism spectrum conditionsautistic identitypsychological wellbeingself-esteem

Identifiers

PMID34393933
PMCPMC8360844

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.