ReviewFrontiers in pharmacology2021
Functions and Diseases of the Retinal Pigment Epithelium.
Review in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 144 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
144 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Insights into the modulation of age-related macular degeneration: Molecular and systems-level perspectives.Acta ophthalmologica · 2026Article
- Protective role of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 in retinal pigment epithelium cells with CoCl₂-induced hypoxic injury: an in-vitro study.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2026Article
- Organelle Crosstalk: Mitochondria and Endoplasmic Reticulum in Macular Degeneration.Journal of ophthalmology and research · 2026Article
- Nanoparticle-mediated targeted delivery of lutein for retinal protection: emerging strategies in ocular drug targeting.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Review
- Seeing Through Feeling: Dynamic Interplay Between Emotion and Visual Perception.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- AAV NRF2 gene therapy preserves retinal structure and function in rodent models of oxidative damage.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2026Article
- L-DOPA enhances iRPE differentiation via Wnt signaling and improves cytotherapy for retinal degradation.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Article
- In Vitro Ocular Cytotoxicity of BEE Venom in ARPE-19, NTM5, HCET, and HCEC-12 Cell Lines.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2026Article
- Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cell Line ARPE-19 Exposed to M1 Microglia Releases Proinflammatory Cytokines and Reactive Oxygen Species Through MAP-Kinase Pathway.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- Single Cell Transcriptomics and Surface Protein Expression Reveal Distinct Cellular and Molecular Phenotypes in Human RPESC-RPE and PSC-RPE.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- A model for de novo pigmentation of amelanotic retinal pigment epithelial cells.Acta ophthalmologica · 2026Article
- Anatomically Guided Non-Viral CRISPR/Cas9 Delivery in the Eye: Overcoming Barriers for Precision Gene Therapy.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Retinal architecture as a determinant of brilliant blue G phototoxicity during internal limiting membrane peeling: A case series.World journal of clinical cases · 2026Article
- The roles of glycerophospholipids in the aging retina and age-related macular degeneration.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Review
- Associations between mechanical stress and epigenetic modifications in outer retinal layer remodeling in high myopia.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2 (GPR109A) and retinopathies: pathways and prospects.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Posterior segment imaging clues to systemic malignancy: a phenotype-to-confirmation narrative review.Frontiers in ophthalmology · 2026Review
- CircAFF3 modulation of p53-ID2 signaling in the retinal pigment epithelium links inflammation with cell death in dry age-related macular degeneration.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Article
- The Interplay Between the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System and Oxidative Stress: A Future Perspective in Eye Diseases.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
84 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The retinal pigment epithelium is a fundamental component of the retina that plays essential roles in visual functions. Damage to the structure and function of the retinal pigment epithelium leads to a variety of retinopathies, and there is currently no curative therapy for these disorders. Therefore, studying the relationship between the development, function, and pathobiology of the retinal pigment epithelium is important for the prevention and treatment of retinopathies. Here we review the function of the retinal pigment epithelium and its relevance to the pathobiology, and discuss potential strategies for the treatment of retinopathies. In doing so, we provide new viewpoints outlining new ideas for the future study and treatment of retinopathies.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.